Callus Induction of Young Leaf Coconut cv. MATAG with Combination of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D), α-Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and Benzyl Amino Purin (BAP)

Abstract

This research was to study in vitro callus induction in Coconut cv MATAG from young leaf explants. Young leaf segments from mature coconut were cultured on Y3 medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D and a combination of NAA and BAP. Each of these plant growth regulators (PGR) gives different responses toward callus formation, the percentage of explants producing callus, the percentage of callus proliferation, and the morphology of callus. A series of different concentrations were used for 2,4-D (1, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 100 mg/L), NAA (1, 3, 5 mg/L) and BAP (1, 3, 5 mg/L) respectively. The range of days of callus formation using 2,4-D treat ments is 7 - 12 months, while the 2,4-D combined with NAA is recorded at 2 - 5 months. Despite the variety of different months between these plant growth regulators for callus formation, the percentages of explants producing callus and callus proliferation are different. The highest percentage of explants producing callus (2.9%) was observed at 2,4-D (40 mg/mL), followed by 2.7% at 2,4-D (10.0 mg/mL) with NAA (1 mg/mL). At a concentration of 100 mg/mL of 2,4-D, the highest percentage of callus proliferation was found, as well.