Correlational Analysis of Hemoglobin, Red Cell Distribution Width and Homocysteine Levels with Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus — Oak Academic Publishing
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Correlational Analysis of Hemoglobin, Red Cell Distribution Width and Homocysteine Levels with Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Department of Human Resources, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
,
Department of Endocrinology, Yuncheng Central Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Yuncheng, China
,
Division of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, Georgia, USA
1 Department of Human Resources, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
2 Department of Endocrinology, Yuncheng Central Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Yuncheng, China
3 Division of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, Georgia, USA
Background: Early detection of Bone Mineral Density (BMD) loss is critical for identifying individuals at increased risk of osteoporosis and related fractures, particularly in vulnerable populations. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between Hemoglobin (Hb), Red cell Distribution Width (RDW), and Homocysteine (Hcy) levels and BMD in elderly male patients diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A total of 208 male patients with T2DM, who were hospitalized in the Endocrinology Department of Yuncheng Central Hospital, between January 2020 and December 2023, were included in the study. Based on their BMD measurements, the patients were categorized into three groups: normal bone mass (control, n = 64), osteopenia (n = 92), and osteoporosis (n = 52). After adjusting for some potential confounding factors, inter-group comparisons and correlation analyses were conducted to assess the relationships between Hb, RDW, and Hcy levels and BMD. Results: The prevalence of osteoporosis in T2DM patients with anemia was nearly twice as high as that in the control group. Compared to the normal bone mass group, the osteoporosis group showed a significant reduction in plasma Hb levels by 8.8% ± 1.1%, along with significant increases in RDW and Hcy levels by 15.7% ± 1.2% and 18.2% ± 2.2%, respectively (all P < 0.001). Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that Hb was negatively correlated with BMD loss (P < 0.001), whereas RDW and Hcy were positively correlated with BMD loss (all P < 0.001) in the total hip and femoral neck. Conclusions: These univariate logistic analyses suggest that changes in these hematologic indices may serve not only as markers of bone health but also as potential predictors of the progression of diabetes-related complications, including BMD loss and fracture risk.
KeywordsAnemiaHemoglobinHomocysteineOsteoporosisRed Cell Distribution WidthType 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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