Carbapenem Resistance and Metallo- β -Lactamase Production in Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Urogenital Tract Infections in Brazzaville — Oak Academic Publishing
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Carbapenem Resistance and Metallo- β -Lactamase Production in Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Urogenital Tract Infections in Brazzaville
Laboratoire National de Santé Publique, République du Congo
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Laboratoire National de Santé Publique, République du Congo
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Laboratoire National de Santé Publique, République du Congo
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Laboratoire National de Santé Publique, République du Congo
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Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, École Normale Supérieure, Université Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, République du Congo
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Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Marien NGOUABI, Brazzaville, République du Congo
1 Laboratoire National de Santé Publique, République du Congo
2 Laboratoire National de Santé Publique, République du Congo
3 Laboratoire National de Santé Publique, République du Congo
4 Laboratoire National de Santé Publique, République du Congo
5 Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, École Normale Supérieure, Université Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, République du Congo
6 Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Marien NGOUABI, Brazzaville, République du Congo
The emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria constitute a major global public health threat, compromising treatment efficacy and increasing morbidity and mortality associated with infections. In response to this concerning situation, carbapenems are considered last-resort antibiotics. However, Enterobacteriaceae exhibit high resistance rates to these drugs. The aim of this study was to determine carbapenem resistance profiles and the prevalence of Metallo- β -Lactamase (MBL) production among Enterobacteriaceae isolated from urogenital tract infections. Enterobacteriaceae strains were isolated on selective media from urine and vaginal swab samples and identified using the API 20 E system. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the Mueller-Hinton disk diffusion method. MBL production was assessed using the combined carbapenem/carbapenem + EDTA disk test. A total of 123 Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from 325 samples, of which 81.6% were from urine and 17.4% from vaginal swabs. Identification revealed 12 species distributed across five genera: Escherichia , Enterobacter , Citrobacter , Klebsiella , and Proteus . Susceptibility testing showed the highest sensitivity to ertapenem (79.67%) followed by meropenem (69.92%), whereas doripenem showed the lowest sensitivity (33.33%). Resistance patterns varied between species for different antibiotics. Chi-square analysis revealed a significant difference in bacterial resistance among the different strains for all tested antibiotics. MBL production testing revealed that 100% of strains produced MBLs in the presence of imipenem. Only E . coli and Enterobacter aerogenes were MBL producers in the presence of meropenem. Despite the high resistance rates and the capacity of these strains to produce carbapenem-hydrolyzing enzymes, meropenem and ertapenem, due to their lower resistance rates, may still be considered first-line treatment options for urogenital tract infections caused by these bacterial genera.
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