Obtaining Bacteriocins by Chromatographic Methods

Abstract

Bacteriocins are a large group of chromosome or plasmid-encoded and ribosomally synthesized low-molecular-weight (2 to 6 kDa) antimicrobial and amphiphilous peptides produced by Gr + or Gr - bacteria [1] . Their low toxicity as well as the absence of allergenicity and reactogenicity is confirmed by testing selected bacteriocins [2] [3] . Bacteriocins can be widely used as preservatives and antibiotic alternatives in medicine. Nisin, a Streptococcus lactis -derived bacteriocin, has been in practice in food industry for a long time. A relevant product contains about 2.5% of nisin. For medical use (e.g., when injected into the blood stream), highly purified drugs are required. However, the yield of bacteriocins accounts for no more than a few percents from the total activity in the culture liquid. In this paper, we propose methods (by example of two B . subtilis strains), allowing to increase the yield up to ~80%. It is believed that other bacteriocins may be purified by these methods and with the same yield.