Effect of Temperature on Extraction of Castor Oil from Castor Seeds Using Potential Green Solvents — Oak Academic Publishing
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Effect of Temperature on Extraction of Castor Oil from Castor Seeds Using Potential Green Solvents
Department of Chemical Engineering, Green Engineering Group-Chemical Thermodynamics, Steve Biko Campus, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
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Department of Chemical Engineering, Green Engineering Group-Chemical Thermodynamics, Steve Biko Campus, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
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Department of Chemical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Green Engineering Group-Chemical Thermodynamics, Steve Biko Campus, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Green Engineering Group-Chemical Thermodynamics, Steve Biko Campus, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
3 Department of Chemical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
Extraction of castor oil from castor seeds was investigated using different green solvents which include d-limonene, p-cymene, α -pinene, ethanol, and furfur al at the temperature range of (323 - 413) K. The Soxhlet extraction method was e mployed to investigate the effect of temperature at atmospheric pressu re. The focus of the study was to investigate a potential green solvent that can produce the high yields compared to the traditional solvent (hexane). The results show that at the average time of 3 hours and 30 minutes, the castor oil yield for green solvents were ranked as furfural (47.13%) > ethanol (45.37%) > p-cymene (39.15%) > d-limonene (39.13%) > α -pinene (38.11%). These castor oil yields were obtained at optimum temperatures for each green solvent. The castor oil yields were compared to the yield of hexane (31.36%) at same average time. The green solvents were recovered by using simple distillation, except furfural which was difficult to be recovered.
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