Effects of Climate Variability on Vegetation Dynamics in Upper Guinea: An Approach Based on NDVI, Precipitation, and Temperature Indices — Oak Academic Publishing
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Effects of Climate Variability on Vegetation Dynamics in Upper Guinea: An Approach Based on NDVI, Precipitation, and Temperature Indices
Institut Supérieur des Sciences de l’Éducation de Guinée (ISSEG), Conakry, Guinée
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Institut Supérieur des Sciences de l’Éducation de Guinée (ISSEG), Conakry, Guinée
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Laboratoire d’Enseignement et de Recherche en Énergie Appliquée (LEREA), Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry (UGANC), Conakry, Guinée
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Institut de Recherche en Environnement de Guinée (IREG), Conakry, Guinée
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Centre de Recherche et de Développement d’Ottawa, Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, Ontario, Canada
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Département de Mathématiques, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université de N’Zérékoré (UZ), N’Zérékoré, Guinée
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Cité des Sciences et de l’Innovation de Guinée (CSIG), Conakry, Guinée
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Institut Supérieur de Technologie (IST) de Mamou, Mamou, Guinée
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Autorité Guinéenne de l’Aviation Civile (AGAC), Conakry, Guinée
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Laboratoire d’Enseignement et de Recherche en Énergie Appliquée (LEREA), Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry (UGANC), Conakry, Guinée
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Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan-Siméon Fongang (LPAO-SF), Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
1 Institut Supérieur des Sciences de l’Éducation de Guinée (ISSEG), Conakry, Guinée
2 Institut Supérieur des Sciences de l’Éducation de Guinée (ISSEG), Conakry, Guinée
3 Laboratoire d’Enseignement et de Recherche en Énergie Appliquée (LEREA), Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry (UGANC), Conakry, Guinée
4 Institut de Recherche en Environnement de Guinée (IREG), Conakry, Guinée
5 Centre de Recherche et de Développement d’Ottawa, Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, Ontario, Canada
6 Département de Mathématiques, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université de N’Zérékoré (UZ), N’Zérékoré, Guinée
7 Cité des Sciences et de l’Innovation de Guinée (CSIG), Conakry, Guinée
8 Institut Supérieur de Technologie (IST) de Mamou, Mamou, Guinée
9 Autorité Guinéenne de l’Aviation Civile (AGAC), Conakry, Guinée
10 Laboratoire d’Enseignement et de Recherche en Énergie Appliquée (LEREA), Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry (UGANC), Conakry, Guinée
11 Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan-Siméon Fongang (LPAO-SF), Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
Upper Guinea, a transitional zone between the Sahelian climate and forest influences, is particularly exposed to the impacts of climate change, with an intensification of climatic extremes. This study aims to investigate the relationship between climate variability (temperature and precipitation) and vegetation response, as measured by the NDVI index, over the period from 2012 to 2021. The data were obtained from reliable satellite sources such as MODIS (NDVI), ERA5 (temperature), and CHIRPS (precipitation). The methods employed include monthly climatology, linear trend analysis, standardized anomaly assessment, and Pearson correlation analysis. The results reveal a pronounced seasonality of NDVI, peaking in September to October, reflecting a biological lag following rainfall. Temperature shows a significant upward trend (+0.091˚C/year), while precipitation remains highly variable without a clear trend. NDVI displays a moderate but significant positive trend (+0.009 NDVI/year), particularly marked after 2015. A strong correlation with temperature (r = 0.72) contrasts with the weak influence of precipitation (r = 0.03). The study highlights the key role of temperature in ecological dynamics and the relative resilience of vegetation, while emphasizing that this resilience remains dependent on sufficient water availability. It concludes by recommending rigorous climatic and ecological monitoring to support adaptation strategies, sustainable management, and food security in West Africa.
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