Antiboitic Resistance of Uropathogenic <i>Eshcherichia coli</i> in Pateints of Hargeisa Group Hospital, Hargeisa, Somaliand

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infection is a common disease in Somaliland society. The predominant causative organism of Urinary tract infection is Escherichia coli . This research studies antibiotic resistance of uropathogenic E. coli in patients of Hargeisa Group Hospital. The study selected commonly prescribed antibiotics for urinary tract infection treatment. Methodology: Urine samples of patients were cultured to isolate causative organisms of the urinary tract infection. Chromo-agar media, CLED, and biochemical tests are applied to identify the type of bacteria. Antibiotic reactions to E. coli bacteria are measured to differentiate between sensitive and resistant drugs with the guidance of the Clinical and Laboratories Standard Institute (CLSI). Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method is applied to assess antimicrobial activity against E. coli . Data of patients such as age, sex, symptoms of UTI, previous UTI infection, and history of antibiotic use were recorded. SPSS and Microsoft Excel are applied to analyze and interpret data. Results: The predominant organism that caused urinary tract infection was Escherichia coli (55%), Klebsiella spp (15%), Candida spp (15%), Enterococcus spp (10%), Staph spp 2.5%, and Pseudomonas spp 2.5% while other 55% were negative. The study assessed antibiotic resistance of E. coli , which reported resistance to Tetracycline at (70%), Ampicillin (64%), and Cotrimoxazole (61%). The bacteria showed moderate resistance to Ceftriaxone (43.5%), Nalidixic acid (43%), and Ciprofloxacin (36%). The bacteria are sensitive to Amikacin (100%), Nitrofurantoin (96%), Levofloxacin (73%) and gentamicin (74%). Conclusion: The overall incidence of antibiotic resistance to E. coli is high because the bacteria show a percentage of resistance to each antibiotic except Amikacin which gives (100%) sensitivity. The research recommends public awareness of the risks associated with antibiotic use and periodic evaluation of antibiotic resistance to accomplish better managing urinary tract infections.