Characterization and Assessment of the Quality of the Water and Sediments of the Islands (Moudou and Birguime) of Lake Fitri in Chad and Confirmation of the Strains Isolated by the PCR Method — Oak Academic Publishing
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Characterization and Assessment of the Quality of the Water and Sediments of the Islands (Moudou and Birguime) of Lake Fitri in Chad and Confirmation of the Strains Isolated by the PCR Method
Natural Substances Research Laboratory (NSRL), Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences (FEAS), University of N’Djamena, Chad, Tchad
,
Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology (LABI), Joseph KI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
,
Geosciences, Natural Resources and Environment Laboratory, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
,
Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology (LABI), Joseph KI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
,
Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology (LABI), Joseph KI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
,
Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology (LABI), Joseph KI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
,
Natural Substances Research Laboratory (NSRL), Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences (FEAS), University of N’Djamena, Chad, Tchad
,
Geosciences, Natural Resources and Environment Laboratory, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
,
Food Science and Nutrition Research Laboratory (FSNRL), Faculty of Human Health Sciences (FHHS), University of N’Djamena, Chad, Tchad
,
Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology (LABI), Joseph KI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
,
Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology (LABI), Joseph KI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
1 Natural Substances Research Laboratory (NSRL), Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences (FEAS), University of N’Djamena, Chad, Tchad
2 Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology (LABI), Joseph KI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
3 Geosciences, Natural Resources and Environment Laboratory, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
4 Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology (LABI), Joseph KI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
5 Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology (LABI), Joseph KI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
6 Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology (LABI), Joseph KI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
7 Natural Substances Research Laboratory (NSRL), Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences (FEAS), University of N’Djamena, Chad, Tchad
8 Geosciences, Natural Resources and Environment Laboratory, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
9 Food Science and Nutrition Research Laboratory (FSNRL), Faculty of Human Health Sciences (FHHS), University of N’Djamena, Chad, Tchad
10 Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology (LABI), Joseph KI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
11 Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology (LABI), Joseph KI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
The problem of access to quality water is a major challenge, as it has a major impact on the socio-economic conditions of people in developing countries. The water from the islands of Lake Fitri is one of the main sources of drinking water for the population. The aim of this study is to characterise and assess the quality of the water and sediment from the islands (Moudou and Birguime) of Lake Fitri, and to confirm the strains isolated using the PCR method. A total of fifty (50) samples of water and fifty (50) sediments from the islands of Lake Fitri were analyzed. Standard methods of microbiological and biochemical analysis of water and sediments were used. Isolated Enterobacteriaceae strains were characterized by API 20 E and API Staph galleries and Salmonella was confirmed by PCR method. Antibiotic resistance was determined using a technique recommended by the antibiogram committee of the French microbiology society (CA-SFM, 2019). The microbiological results for the water showed an abundance of total aerobic mesophilic flora (TAMF) (4.31 × 10 6 ± 8.05 × 10 5 and 5.29 × 10 6 ± 2.55 × 10 5 ) on the Birguime and Moudou islands successively. The microbiological results for the sediment from Birguime and Moudou islands showed an abundance of thermotolerant coliforms ( E. coli ) (2.05 × 10 5 ± 5.43 × 10 4 and 2.27 × 10 5 ± 3.49 × 10 4 ) alternately. The results obtained after incubation of the biochemical tests by the API 20E, API Staph gallery and their numerical profile proposed by the Api software confirmed the contamination. The antibiogram results showed the emergence of certain resistances to the antibiotics Tobramycin, Flucytosine, Amikacin and Teicoplani. The PCR results for Salmonella spp strains were confirmed. As a result, strict monitoring of the water on the various islands of Lake Fitri must be carried out throughout the annual cycle, by specialized personnel, to ensure proper bio-monitoring of these ecosystems.
KeywordsLake Fitri (Chad)CharacterizationMicrobiologicalBiochemicalResistance and PCR
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