One of the approaches to the treatment of infections caused by multiply-(MDR) or extra drug- resistant (XDR) pathogenic strains may be application of bacterial viruses (bacteriophages)— phage therapy. Results of a long, but quite limited use of phage therapy in several Eastern European countries, as well as experiments on animal models in Western countries support the possibility to use phage therapy. However, given the role of phages in the evolution of bacterial pathogens, it is necessary to discuss and evaluate negative consequences of mass introduction of phage therapy, as the measures necessary for its safe use. We discuss some actions in case of transiting to world-wide use of phage therapy with purpose to prolong the active life of phage therapy and to diminish possible complications.
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