A sensitive and eco-friendly method was developed for the spectrophotometric determination of Lisinopril (LSP) in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations by cloud point extraction technique. The method was based on the formation of a blue - colored coordination complex between Lisinopril (LSP) and Cobalt Thiocyanate (CTC) at a suitable pH. The Complex in aqueous medium was extracted into surfactant layer by cloud point extraction using a non-ionic surfactant Triton X-114 and then the surfactant layer was dissolved in a suitable volume of ethanol and the amount of Lisinopril was determined spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 625 nm. The conditions like concentration of the drug, concentration of CTC and of Triton X-114, P H , etc. were optimized by OFAT (One Factor At a Time) method. The linear range of calibration curve was 1 - 6 μg/ml and the linear regression equation with a correlation coefficient of 0.99996 was y = 0.0021 + 0.084x. Preconcentration and enrichment factors were found to be 100 and 3.12 respectively, achieving the detection limit of 0.0588 μg/ml. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of LSP in the drug formulations. The obtained values were in agreement with the values as quoted by the manufacturers.
Zacharis, C.K., Tzanavaras, P.D., Themelis, D.G., Theodoridis, G.A., Economou, A. and Rigas, P.G. (2004) Rapid Spectrofluorimetric Determination of Lisinopril in Pharmaceutical Tablets Using Sequential Injection Analysis. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 379, 759-763. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-004-2530-4
Aktas, E.S., Ersoy, L. and Sagırlı, O. (2003) A New Spectrofluorimetric Method for the Determination of Lisinopril in Tablets. Farmaco, 58, 165-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-827X(02)00013-7
El-Gindy, A., Ashour, A., Abdel-Fattah, L. and Shabana, M.M. (2001) Spectrophotometric, Septrofluorimetric and LC Determination of Lisinopril. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 25, 913-922. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0731-7085(01)00376-4
Abdel Razak, O., Belal, S.F., Bedair, M.M., N.S. Barakat and Haggag, R.S. (2003) Spectrophotometric and Polarographic Determination of Enalapril and Lisinopril Using 2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 31, 701-711. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0731-7085(02)00654-4
Beasley, C.A., Shaw, J., Zhao, Z. and Robert, A. (2005) Development and Validation of a Stability Indicating HPLC Method for Determination of Lisinopril, Lisinopril Degradation Product and Parabens in the Lisinopril Extemporaneous Formulation. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical analysis, 37, 559-567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2004.11.021
Zhang, Z., Tian, Y., Xu, F., Wang, N. and Chen, Y. (2007) Rapid Quantification of Lisinopril in Human Plasma by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Biomedical Chromatography, 21, 415-421. https://doi.org/10.1002/bmc.774
Özer, D. and Senel, H. (1999) Determination of Lisinopril from Pharmaceutical Preparations by Derivative UV Spectrophotometry. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 21, 691-695. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0731-7085(99)00168-5
Paraskevas, G., Atta-Politou, J. and Koupparis, M. (2002) Spectrophotometric Determination of Lisinopril in Tablets Using 1-Fluoro-2,4-Dinitrobenzene Reagent. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 29, 865-872. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0731-7085(02)00207-8
Raza, A., Ansari, T.M. and Atta-Ur-Rehman (2005) Spectrophotometric Determination of Lisinopril in Pure and Pharmaceutical Formulations. Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society, 52, 1055-1059. https://doi.org/10.1002/jccs.200500149
Jamakhandi, C.M., Javali, C.J., Disouza, I., Chougule, U.S. and Mullani, A.K. (2011) Spectrophotometric Determinationlisinopril Dosage Form by Condensation Reaction. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3, 185-187.
Nafisur, R., Manisha, S. and Nasrul, H. (2005) Optimized and Validated Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Lisinopril in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using Ninhydrin and Ascorbic Acid. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 16, 1001-1009. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-50532005000600018
Rajasekaran, A. and Udayavani, S. (2001) Spectrophotometric Determination of Lisinopril in Pharmaceutical Formulations. Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 78, 485-486.
Razak, O.A., Belal, S.F., Bedair, M.M., Barakat, N.S. and Haggag, R.S. (2003) Spectrophotometric and Polarographic Determination of Enalapril and Lisinopril Using 2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 31, 701-711. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0731-7085(02)00654-4
Çetin, G. and Sungur, S. (2005) A Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Lisinopril in Tablet Formulation. Reviews in Analytical Chemistry, 25, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1515/REVAC.2006.25.1.1
Siddiqui, M.A. and Azmi, S. N. H. (2007) Spectrophotometric Determination of Lisinopril in Commercial Dosage Forms Using N-Bromosuccinimide and Chloranil. Chemia Analityczna, 52, 465-480.
Ayad, M.M., Khalil, H., El Henawee, M. and Hosney, M. (1999) Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry-II from Biology to Nanotechnology. Scientia Pharmaceutica, 67, 241-252.
Sreelakshmi, A., Devala Rao, G. and Sudhakara Sai Babu, G. (2010) Spectrophotometric Methods for the Estimation of Mizolastine in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms. International Journal of Chemical Sciences, 8, 1301-1307.
Abdel-Gawad, F.M. and El-Guindi, N.M. (1995) Spectrophotometric Determination of Metoclopramide and Oxybuprocaine through Ion Pair Formation with Thiocyanate and Molybdenum(V) or Cobalt(II). Analytical Letters, 28, 1437-1447. https://doi.org/10.1080/00032719508006405
Raghubabu, K. and Sandhyarani, K. (2015) Estimation of Lisinopril Dihydrate in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Preparations by Visible Spectrophotometry. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 7, 636-639.
Babu, K.R., Sekhar, D.C., Kumari, N. and Rao, V.J. (2015) Novel Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Clopidogrel Bisulphate in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Formulations by Cobalt Thiocyanate and Tpooo. Der Pharmacia Lettre, 7, 241-246.
Murali, D., Neeharika, T. and Rambabu, C. (2013) Spectrophotometric Determination of Nebivolol Hydrochloride in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Formulations. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 25, 2981-2984. https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2013.13459
Al-Ameer Khammas, Z.A. and Mubdir, N.S. (2014) An Eco-Friendly Method for Extraction and Determination of Ciprofloxacin in Blood Serum and Pharmaceuticals. Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2, 47-54. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20140205.11
Zarei, A.Z., Sadeghi, H.B. and Abedin, B. (2013) Selective Cloud Point Extraction for the Spectrophotometric Determination of Cetylpyridinium Chloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 12, 671-677.
Bavili-Tabrizi, A., Naini, S., et al. (2014) Determination of Triamterene in Human Plasma and Urine After Its Cloud Point Extraction. Química Nova, 37, 1182-1187. https://doi.org/10.5935/0100-4042.20140188
Madej, K. and Persona, K. (2013) Drug Screening in Human Plasma by Cloud-Point Extraction and HPLC. Central European Journal of Chemistry, 11, 94-100. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11532-012-0134-y
Naveed, S. (2014) Analytical Determination of Lisinopril Using UV Spectrophotometer and HPLC: An Overview. Modern Chemistry & Applications, 2, Article ID: 1000137. https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6798.1000137
Gul1, W., Augustine, Z., khan, S., Saeed, K. and Raees, H. (2017) Methods of Analysis of Lisinopril: A Review. Journal of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability, 9, 331-335.
Nasir, I, Musa, A., Abdullahi, M.I. and Garba, M. (2017) Spectrophotometric Determination of Lisinopril in Three Simulated Physiological Fluids. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences, 14, 2638-2645.