A Comparative Analysis of Caffeine Extraction Efficiency from Different Tea Varieties and Its Effect on Human Physiology: A Spectrophotometric Investigation — Oak Academic Publishing
Research ArticleOpen AccessGoogle Scholar indexed
A Comparative Analysis of Caffeine Extraction Efficiency from Different Tea Varieties and Its Effect on Human Physiology: A Spectrophotometric Investigation
The current work imitates the trivial method which intricates the abstraction along with classification of caffeine accessible in variability of decoction shrubberies which are expended in two different states of India (Telengana & Uttar Pradesh). As per observation individuals of both the states are identical tender of consumption of tea. Abstraction progression tangled variability of stages which are discoursed in the work. In addition, the outcome of drinking of caffeine or the permitted ingestion of caffeine over tea has also been conferred through the work and linked the data with the literature data. In this study, we used a UV-visible spectrophotometer as well as liquid-liquid extraction method to determine the caffeine content in various tea samples. The significance of this study lies in the fact that accurate determination of caffeine content is essential for quality control and labeling of tea products. The UV-visible spectrophotometer method was found to be simple, reliable, and sensitive for the detection of caffeine in tea samples.
Liu, M., Lv, X., Li, H. and Li, Z. (2022) Tea Intake and Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11, 79.
Zhang, H., Liu, S., Li, Y. and Yang, M. (2021) Tea Consumption and Risk of Stroke: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 31, 454-461.
Zhou, Y., Zheng, J., Li, S., Zhang, P. and Zhou, T. (2021) Green Tea Polyphenols Attenuate High Glucose-Induced Podocyte Injury by Regulating the SIRT1/Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 236, 4746-4755.
De Mejia, E.G. and Ramirez-Mares, M.V. (2014) Impact of Caffeine and Coffee on Our Health. Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 25, 489-492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2014.07.003
Liu, G., Wang, J., Zhang, Y. and Zhong, Y. (2021) Recent Advances in the Extraction and Purification of Tea Polyphenols. Molecules, 26, 1556. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26123755
Wijeratne, S.S.K., Abou-Zaid, M.M. and Shahidi, F. (2020) Tea and Its Consumption: Benefits and Risks. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 60, 3079-3109.
Liu, M., Lv, X., Li, H. and Li, Z. (2022) Tea Intake and Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11, 79.
Jovita, S. and Li, X. (2021) Recent Advances in Tea Polyphenols for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases. Food Chemistry, 353, 129409.
Gebely, World of Tea (2017). http://www.worldoftea.org/tea-Leary-oxidation
Vallombroso, L. (2006) The Fact about Caffeine (Drugs). Benchmark Books, South Salt Lake, 43.
Belay, A. (2011) Some Biochemical Compounds in Coffee Beans and Methods Developed for Their Analysis. International Journal of the Physical Sciences, 6, 6373-6378. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJPS11.486
Pradeep, S., Rameshaiah, G.N. and Ashoka, H. (2015) Caffeine Extraction and Characterization. International Journal of Current Research and Review, 7, 16-19.
Postu, A. and Wilson, S. (2013) Isolation of Caffeine from Tea Leaves via Acid-Base Liquid-Liquid Extraction. Plan. Physio., 68, 275-281.
Wang, X., Hu, S., Wan, X. and Pan, C. (2005) Effect of Microbial Fermentation on Caffeine Content of Tea Leaves. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53, 7238-7242. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf050495h
Komes, D., Horzic, D., Belscak, A., et al. (2009) Comparative Study of Commercially Available Cocoa Products in Terms of Their Bioactive Composition. Food Research International, 42, 707-716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2009.02.018
Atomssa, T. and Gholap, A.V. (2011) Characterization of Caffeine and Determination of Caffeine in Tea Leaves Using UV-Visible Spectrometer. African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 5, 1-8.
Maidon, A.B.M.A., Mansoer, A.O. and Sulistyarti, H. (2012) Study of Various Solvents for Caffeine Determination Using UV Spectrophotometric. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 8, 2439-2442.
MoroydorDerun, E., Kipcak, A.S., DereOzdemir, O., Demir, F., Karakoc, M. and Piskin, S. (2013) Caffeine Content Investigation in the Turkish Black Teas. International Journal of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, 7, 708-711.
Arnaud, M.J. (2011) Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of Natural Methylxanthines in Animal and Man. In: Fredholm, B.B., Ed., Methylxanthines, Springer, Berlin, 33-91. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13443-2_3
Knight, C.A., Knight, I., Mitchell, D.C. and Zepp, J.E. (2004) Beverage Caffeine Intake in US Consumers and Subpopulations of Interest: Estimates from the Share of Intake Panel Survey. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 42, 192-1930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2004.05.002
Knight, C.A., Knight, I. and Mitchell, D.C. (2006) Beverage Caffeine Intakes in Young Children in Canada and the US. Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research, 67, 96-99. https://doi.org/10.3148/67.2.2006.96
Farah, A. (2012) Coffee Emerging Health Effects and Disease Prevention. IFT Press and John Wiley & Sons, New York, 21.
Freedman, N., Park, Y., Abnet, C.C, Hollenbeck, A.R. and Sinha, R.N. (2012) Association of Coffee Drinking with Total and Cause-Specific Mortality. The New England Journal of Medicine, 366, 1891-1894. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1112010
O’Keefe, J.H., Bhatti, S.K., Patil, H.R., et al. (2013) Effects of Habitual Coffee Consumption on Cardiometabolic Disease, Cardiovascular Health, and All-Cause Mortality. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 62, 1043-1051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2013.06.035
Grosso, G., Godos, J., Galvano, F. and Giovannucci, E.L. (2017) Coffee, Caffeine, and Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review. Annual Review of Nutrition, 37, 131-156. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-071816-064941
Poole, R., Kennedy, O.J., Roderick, P., Fallowfield, J.A., Hayes, P.C. and Parkes, J. (2017) Coffee Consumption and Health: Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Multiple Health Outcomes. BMJ, 359, 5024. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j5024
Goldstein, E.R., Ziegenfuss, T., Kalman, D., et al. (2010) International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Caffeine and Performance. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 7, Article No. 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-7-5
Hogervost, E., Bandelow, S., Schmitt, J., et al. (2008) Caffeine Improves Physical and Cognitive Performance during Exhaustive Exercise. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 40, 1841-1851. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31817bb8b7
Gliottoni, R.C., Meyers, J.R., Arrigrimsson, S.A., Boglio, S.P. and Motl, R.W. (2009) Effect of Caffeine on Quadriceps Muscle Pain during Acute Cycling Exercise in Low versus High Caffeine Consumers. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 19, 150-161. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.19.2.150
Kaplan, G.B., Greenblatt, D.J., Ehrenberg, B.L., et al. (1997) Dose-Dependent Pharmacokinetics and Psychomotor Effects of Caffeine in Humans. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 37, 693-703. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1552-4604.1997.tb04356.x
Lorist, M. and Tops, M.M. (2003) Caffeine, Fatigue, and Cognition. Brain and Cognition, 53, 82-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-2626(03)00206-9
Doherty, M. and Smith, P.M. (2004) Effects of Caffeine Ingestion on Exercise Testing: A Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 14, 626-646. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.14.6.626
Cysneiros, R.M., Farkas, D., Harmatz, J.S., et al. (2007) Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Interactions between Zolpidem and Caffeine. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 82, 54-62. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.clpt.6100211
Blandini, F., Nappi, G., Tassorelli, C. and Martignoni, E. (2000) Functional Changes of the Basal Ganglia Circuitry in Parkinson’s Disease. Progress in Neurobiology, 62, 63-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-0082(99)00067-2
Trevitt, J., Kawa, K., Jalali, A. and Larsen, C. (2009) Differential Effects of Adenosine Antagonists in Two Models of Parkinsonian Tremor. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 94, 24-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2009.07.001
Vuong, Q.V. and Roach, P.D. (2014) Caffeine in Green Tea: Its Removal and Isolation. Separation and Purification Reviews, 43, 155-174. https://doi.org/10.1080/15422119.2013.771127
Dando, R., Dvoryanchikov, G., Pereira, E., Chaudhari, N. and Roper, S.D. (2012) Adenosine Enhances Sweet Taste through A2B Receptors in the Taste Bud. Journal of Neuroscience, 32, 322-330. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4070-11.2012
Holtzman, S.G., Mante, S. and Minneman, K.P. (1991) Role of Adenosine Receptors in Caffeine Tolerance. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 256, 62-68.
Choo, E., Picket, B. and Dando, R. (2017) Caffeine May Reduce Perceived Sweet Taste in Humans, Supporting Evidence That Adenosine Receptors Modulate Taste. Journal of Food Science, 82, 2177-2182. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.13836
Pickering, C. (2019) Are Caffeine’s Performance-Enhancing Effects Partially Driven by Its Bitter Taste? Medical Hypotheses, 131, Article ID: 109301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109301
Fujimaki, M., Saiki, S., Li, Y., Kaga, N., Taka, H., Hatano, T., Ishikawa, K.-I., Oji, Y., Mori, A., Okuzumi, A., et al. (2018) Serum Caffeine and Metabolites Are Reliable Biomarkers of Early Parkinson Disease. Neurology, 90, e404-e411. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000004888
Temple, J.L., Bernard, C., Lipshultz, S.E., Czachor, J.D., Westphal, J.A. and Mestre, M.A. (2017) The Safety of Ingested Caffeine: A Comprehensive Review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 8, 80. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00080
Zwilling, M., Theiss, C. and Matschke, V. (2020) Caffeine and NAD+Improve Motor Neural Integrity of Dissociated Wobbler Cells in Vitro. Antioxidants, 9, 460. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9060460
Tomar, N. and De, R.K. (2014) A Brief Outline of the Immune System. In: De, R.K. and Tomar, N., Eds., Immunoinformatics, Humana Press, New York, Volume 1184, 3-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1115-8_1
Venter, C., Eyerich, S., Sarin, T. and Klatt, K.C. (2020) Nutrition and the Immune System: A Complicated Tango. Nutrients, 12, 818. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12030818
Zhou, Y., Tian, C. and Jia, C. (2012) A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Coffee Consumption and Bladder Cancer. Preventive Medicine, 55, 14-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.04.020
Wierzejska, R. (2015) Coffee Consumption vs. Cancer Risk—A Review of Scientific Data. Roczniki Panstwowego Zakładu, 66, 293-298.
Tan, B.L., Norhaizan, M.E. and Liew, W.-P. (2018) Nutrients and Oxidative Stress: Friend or Foe? Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2018, Article ID: 9719584. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9719584
Martini, D., Del Bo’, C., Tassotti, M., Riso, P., Del Rio, D., Brighenti, F. and Porrini, M. (2016) Coffee Consumption and Oxidative Stress: A Review of Human Intervention Studies. Molecules, 21, 979. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21080979