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Transport Pollution in India
School of Studies in Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
School of Studies in Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
School of Studies in Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
Central Laboratory for Chemical Testing and Control, Sofia, Bulgaria
Department of Exact Sciences, E.N.S., Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
Applied Physics Department, Miguel Hernandez University, Elche, Spain
Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Karlsruhe, Germany
- 1 School of Studies in Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
- 2 School of Studies in Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
- 3 School of Studies in Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
- 4 Central Laboratory for Chemical Testing and Control, Sofia, Bulgaria
- 5 Department of Exact Sciences, E.N.S., Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
- 6 Applied Physics Department, Miguel Hernandez University, Elche, Spain
- 7 Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Karlsruhe, Germany
American Journal of Analytical Chemistry·Volume 06 (2015)·Pages 757–766·Published 12 August 2015·DOI10.4236/ajac.2015.69072
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Abstract
Road dusts contribute a large fraction of air pollution in urban environment of India. In the present work, contamination assessment of ions and elements i.e. F ﹣ , Cl ﹣ , NO - 3 , SO 2- 4 , NH + 4 , Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , As, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb and Hg in the road dusts of the most industrialized area of central India: Raipur (capital, Chhattisgarh state) is described during year: 2008-2013. In year 2008, the mean content of the element i.e. F ﹣ , Cl ﹣ , NO - 3 , SO 2- 4 , NH + 4 , Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , As, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb and Hgin the dust (n = 5) was found to be 292 ± 112, 5068 ± 2445, 927 ± 280, 3336 ± 1315, 155 ± 65, 4273 ± 1761, 1477 ± 626, 974 ± 243, 9809 ± 2370, 21.2 ± 2.4, 150 ± 30, 12,816 ± 12,522, 157,736 ± 61,542, 60 ± 7, 566 ± 608, 348 ± 154, 296 ± 163 and 0.10 ± 0.09 mg/kg, respectively. The enrichment, concentration variations and sources of the elements are discussed.
KeywordsRoad DustHeavy MetalsIonsContaminationIndia
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