Genotyping of <i>E. coli</i> Isolated from Urinary Tract Infection Patients Containing B-Lactamase Resistance Gene CTX-M Group 1 in Sanandaj Medical Health Centers

Abstract

CTX-M-producing bacteria are known as a resistant source against oxyimino-cephalosporin such as cefotaxime and ceftazidime; although laboratory diagnosis of this gene has not been properly defined. The aims of this study are determining the rates of prevalence of CTX-M and CTX-M group 1 in the Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) obtained from urinary tract infections (UTI), and also determining their genetic relationship in the city of Sanandaj. In current study, 180 E. coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections were used. Sensitivity to common antibiotics was studied by the disc diffusion method. Phenotypic detection of isolated ESBL-producing starins was done by the combination disc test. CTX-M and CTX-M1 genes were detected using the PCR method and finally, the possible clonal relationship between isolates was determined using the REP-PCR method. 89 samples were ESBL-positive. The PCR assay used for detecting the CTX-M gene, showed that 48 samples out of 180 samples (26.66%) contained that gene; also among these 48 samples, 23 (12.77%) had CTX-M group 1. Based on the REP-PCR assay, 48 genotypes among 48 samples were CTX-M-positive. Results from the REP-PCR assay indicated that the clonal propagation theory of one epidemic strain of Escherichia coli is not apply, i.e. all CTX-M-producing species are not originated from one single strain and the gene is spread between different isolates. Therefore, hospitals and their employees must be more hygiene and, proper disposal of hospital waste can help to prevent the spread of different resistances.