Yield Stability and Adaptability of Elite Doubled Haploid (DH) Rice Genotypes in Different Locations in Central Clay Plains of the Sudan

Abstract

Stability analysis of grain yield is an efficient tool for the selection of varieties adapted to fairly wide cultivation zone. A study aims to determine adaptabil ity and stability for grain yield and agronomic performance of 10 elite Doubled Haploid (DH) rice genotypes generated through anther culture technique, along with local cultivar Umgar as a check under irrigated lowland conditions in three different environments in the central clay plains of the Sudan; during two cropping seasons 2019 and 2020. The trials were conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Grain yield stability was studied, using the Additive Main effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model. Bi-plots were developed following GGE bi-plot methodology over the si x environments. The combined analysis of variance revealed significant t o highly significant (P < 0.001) effects of genotypes, environments, and genotype by environment interaction. Moreover, the analysis of variance based on AM MI indicated significant genotypes, environments, and GE interaction with a total variation of 43.16%, 44.26% and 12.58% respectively. A biplot-AMMI analysis and yield stability index incorporating the AMMI stability value and y ield in a single non-parametric index were used to identify the genotypes with the highest and stable yield. The overall mean for grain yield was 5.69 t/ha, with a range of 5.77 to 4.12 t/ha. The genotypes k150147, k150870, k150032, k150912, and k150307 out yielded the local check Umgar by 40%, 38%, 34%, 34% and 33% respectively. The most genotypes were mid-early maturities which were harvested at 107, 113, 108, 109 and 112 days after sowing, respectively. These five genotypes also showed grain yield stability along with their high mean yield performance according to the AMMI analysis and widely adaptable to the tested locations. Therefore, the five out yielding genotypes will be considered for cultivation under irrigated system condition in central clay in the Sudan.