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Study of the Acute Oral Toxicity, 28-Day Subchronic Toxicity, and Cytotoxicity of a Herbal Antiviral Recipe Used in the Treatment of Hepatitis B in Togo
Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
Laboratory of Engineering of Processes and Natural Resources (LAGEPREN) of the University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, Food and Environmental Health—Research Unit in Biomedical Sciences and Bioactive Substances (LaSBASE-UR-2SB), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, Food and Environmental Health—Research Unit in Biomedical Sciences and Bioactive Substances (LaSBASE-UR-2SB), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, Food and Environmental Health—Research Unit in Biomedical Sciences and Bioactive Substances (LaSBASE-UR-2SB), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
University of Lorraine, Inserm CIC P1433 Multidisciplinary Clinical Investigation Center, Inserm U1116, CHRU Nancy Brabois, F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France
Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
Department of Biochemistry/Nutrition, Laboratory of Biochemistry Applied to Nutrition, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
Laboratory of Biology, Phytochemistry, Toxicology, Pharmacology and Agrifood (BioPhytToPharmA), Institute African Biomedical, Agrifood, Societal and Environmental Sciences (IASBASE), Lomé, Togo
- 1 Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
- 2 Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
- 3 Laboratory of Engineering of Processes and Natural Resources (LAGEPREN) of the University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
- 4 Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
- 5 Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
- 6 Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
- 7 Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
- 8 Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
- 9 Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, Food and Environmental Health—Research Unit in Biomedical Sciences and Bioactive Substances (LaSBASE-UR-2SB), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
- 10 Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, Food and Environmental Health—Research Unit in Biomedical Sciences and Bioactive Substances (LaSBASE-UR-2SB), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
- 11 Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences, Food and Environmental Health—Research Unit in Biomedical Sciences and Bioactive Substances (LaSBASE-UR-2SB), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
- 12 University of Lorraine, Inserm CIC P1433 Multidisciplinary Clinical Investigation Center, Inserm U1116, CHRU Nancy Brabois, F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France
- 13 Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
- Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA), Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA), University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
American Journal of Plant Sciences·Volume 16 (2025)·Pages 1083–1097·Published 12 September 2025·DOI10.4236/ajps.2025.169070
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Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the safety of a hydroethanolic extract from a herbal recipe composed of Bridelia ferruginea bark, Sansevieria liberica roots, and the whole plant of Phyllanthus amarus , which is traditionally used in the treatment of hepatitis B in Togo. Acute and subchronic toxicity tests were conducted following OECD guidelines 423 and 407, respectively. For the acute toxicity study, a single dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight (bw) of the recipe extract was administered. For the subchronic toxicity study, doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw were used. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the MTS assay, and normal human colon epithelial cells (NCM 356) were used. In the acute toxicity study, the recipe extract caused no deaths or signs of toxicity. In the subchronic study, administration of 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw over 28 consecutive days in Wistar rats caused no mortality. No macroscopic lesions attributable to treatment were observed in either male or female rats. At a dose of 500 mg/kg bw, the extract significantly reduced the relative weight of the testes (p = 0.013) and liver (p < 0.001) in male rats. In female rats, a significant increase in creatinine was observed at 500 mg/kg (p = 0.0083), and alanine aminotransferase levels increased significantly at 1000 mg/kg bw (p = 0.002) compared to the control group. The extract showed no cytotoxicity in the MTS assay.
KeywordsAcute ToxicitySubchronic ToxicityCytotoxicityBridelia ferrugineaSansevieria libericaPhyllanthus amarus
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