Attractiveness of Melaleuca leucadendra Oil, Hydrolatee and Leaf Powder on Bactrocera dorsalis Fruit Flies in the Niayes, Senegal

Abstract

The cultivation of the mango Mangifera indica L. occupies an important place in the national economy both in terms of foreign exchange income and jobs filled. However, mango recorded huge losses due to fruit flies, including Bactrocera dorsalis . To control this quarantine pest, this study contributes to the implementation of resilient and agro-ecological control methods. To this end, the attractiveness of extracts of the plant Melaleuca leucadendra (essential oil, hydrolatee, powder and paste) has been studied on fruit flies, in order to determine their effectiveness and duration of action. The hydrosol was more attractive than the essential oil, leaf powder and paste. In terms of persistence, the essential oil and powder are active for four weeks in the orchards, while the hydrosol must be renewed after two weeks with evaporation. Hydrolatee is more attractive with a peak of 906 flies/day/trap followed by essential oil which is at 251 flies/day/trap, then powder 108flies/day/trap and finally paste with 47 flies/day/trap.