Vegetative Propagation by Suckering of a Multipurpose Plant: Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. Subsp. Birrea (Anacardiaceae Family) in the Sahelian Zone of Ouaddaï (Chad) — Oak Academic Publishing
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Vegetative Propagation by Suckering of a Multipurpose Plant: Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. Subsp. Birrea (Anacardiaceae Family) in the Sahelian Zone of Ouaddaï (Chad)
Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical, National High Institute of Science and Techniques of Abéché, Abéché, Chad
,
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
,
University of Sciences and Technology of Ati, Ati, Chad
,
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
1 Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical, National High Institute of Science and Techniques of Abéché, Abéché, Chad
2 Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
3 University of Sciences and Technology of Ati, Ati, Chad
4 Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
The present study was carried out in the Sahelian region of Ouaddaï in Chad on Sclerocarya birrea , a species of great socio-economic importance. The aim of this work was to contribute to its domestication. Socio-economic surveys were carried out among local farmers. The aim of these surveys was to identify local knowledge of vegetative propagation and, in conjunction with the people surveyed, to select morphotypes to be used as clone heads for suckering induction. Two suckering induction methods were used on these morphotypes and compared. These were: suckering induction by light wounding and suckering induction by complete root sectioning. The results of the survey showed that most respondents were aware of the degradation of the plant cover but had little perception of suckering (3.44%). Sucker induction trials were carried out on two morphotypes of Sclerocarya birrea . After 13 months of observation, the overall suckering success rate was 58.75%. This rate varied from 35.83% for induction by light wounding to 53.33% for induction by complete sectioning. Induction by complete sectioning was significantly more effective than induction by light wounding (p < 0.05). Whatever the mode of induction, light significantly influenced sucker emergence (p < 0.05). Suckers emerged exclusively distally (100%) for induction by complete sectioning. The method of inducing root suckering by wrapping roots in aluminum foil was not successful in this species, as no suckers were produced. On the other hand, rootlet formation was observed on the part connected to the mother plant in all the traumatized roots. We need to capitalize on this method to induce rhizogenesis in suckers that have already developed. These results demonstrate the urgent need to promote low-cost vegetative propagation techniques for the future domestication of this species.
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