Comparative Study of Leaf Morphology in <i>Aster hispidus</i> Thunb. var. <i>leptocladus</i> (Makino) Okuyama (Asteraceae)
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
Abstract
The comparative morphology and anatomy of leaves in the serpentine endemic Aster hispidus Thunb. var. leptocladus (Makino) Okuyama and its close relative A. hispidus var. hispidus were examined. Our morphological analysis revealed that the leaves of A. hispidus var. leptocladus were significantly smaller and narrower than those of A. hispidus var. hispidus . In particular, our anatomical analysis indicated that a decreased cell number of the horizontal axis of a leaf was involved in A. hispidus var. leptocladus . This was the same process as the changing pattern of the leaves of rheophytic species, and so, similar morphological leaf modifications occurred under different selection pressures of the serpentine soil and flooding frequency of river-stream.
- A. Kruckeberg, “The Ecology of Serpentine Soils III. Plant Species in Relation to Serpentine Soils,” Ecology, Vol. 35, No. 2, 1954, pp. 267-274.
- R. R. Brooks, “Serpentine and Its Vegetation,” Dioscorides Press, Portland, 1987.
- K. Brady, A. Kruckberg and H. Bradshaw, “Evolutionary Ecology of Plant Adaptation to Serpentine Soils,” Annunal Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Vol. 36, 2005, pp. 243-266. doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.35.021103.105730
- S. Kitamura, “Compositae (Asteraceae),” In: Y. Satake, J. Ohwi, S. Kitamura, S. Watari and T. Tominari, Eds., Wild Flowers of Japan Herbaceous Plants Vol. III, Heibonsha, Tokyo, 1982, pp. 156-235.
- T. Yokoo, S. Kobayashi, S. Fujikawa, K. Oginuma, Y. Mitsui, H. Ikeda and H. Setoguchi, “Genetic Structure among and within Populations of Serpentine Endemic Heteropappus hispidus ssp. leptocladus (Compositae),” Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, Vol. 37, No. 4, 2009, pp. 275-284. doi:10.1016/j.bse.2009.04.012
- M. Dwass, “Some k-Sample Rank-Order Tests,” In: I. Olkin, Ed., Contributions to Probability and Statistics, Stanford University Press, California, 1960, pp. 198-202.
- R. D. G. Steel, “A Rank Sum Test for Comparing All Pairs of Treatment,” Technometrics, Vol. 2, No. 2, 1960, pp. 197-207. doi:10.2307/1266545
- H. Tsukaya, “Leaf Anatomy of a Rheophyte, Dendranthema yoshinaganthum (Asteraceae), and of Hybrids between D. yoshinaganthum and a Closely Related Non-Rheophyte, D. indicum,” Journal of Plant Research, Vol. 115, No. 5, 2002, pp. 329-333. doi:10.1007/s10265-002-0041-y
- C. G. G. J. van Steenis, “Rheophyte of the World,” Sijthoff and Noordhoff, Alpen aan den Rijn, 1981.
- R. Imaichi and M. Kato, “Speciation and Morphological Evolution in Rheophytes,” In: K. Iwatsuki and P. H. Raven, Eds., Evolution and Diversification of Landplants, Springer-Verlag, Tokyo, 1997, pp. 309-318.
- M. Usukura, R. Imaichi and M. Kato, “Leaf Morphology of a Facultative Rheophyte, Farfugium japonicum var. luchuense (Compositae),” Journal of Plant Research, Vol. 107, No. 3, 1994, pp. 263-267. doi:10.1007/BF02344253
- H. Setoguchi and G. Kajimura, “Leaf Morphology of the Rheophyte, Rhododendron indicum f. otakumi (Ericaceae),” Acta Phytotaxomica et Geobotanica, Vol. 55, No. 1, 2004, pp. 45-54.