Analysis of Nonpolar Components from Ginseng of Different Ages
- 1 School of Biology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
- 2 School of Biology Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- 3 School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- 4 School of Biology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
- 5 School of Biology Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- 6 School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Abstract
Nonpolar components from ginseng of different ages were extracted and analysed using a GC-MS technique to determine their chemical compositions. In total, 23 ingredients, mostly aliphatic compounds, were identified. The compounds extracted included 10,12-octadecadiynoic acid (12.81 % - 36.43%), falcarinol (4.95 % - 36.79%), n-hexadecanoic acid (0.60 % - 9.70%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, ethyl ester (0.33 % - 5.63%), 5,7-dodecadiyn-1,12-diol (0.97 % - 3.85%), ( Z )-9-octadecenamide (2.66 % - 5.38%) and ( Z , Z )-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (0.46 % - 5.27%). The two major diyne compositions, falcarinol ( 8 ) and 10,12-octadecadiynoic acid ( 1 2 ), were the predominant components (over 50%) of the nonpolar extract of older ginseng. Moreover, the 10,12-octadecadiynoic acid obviously accumulated as the ginseng grew. Sitosterol, a universal metabolite in higher plants, makes up 55.80% of the content of 6-year-old ginseng, but markedly decreases in older ginseng. There was not much difference between the extracts of 8, 10, 12 and 16-year ginsengs, but the extracts of 6-year-old ginseng were distinctive.
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