Developing Genetic Variability of Quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> Willd.) with Gamma Radiation for Use in Breeding Programs — Oak Academic Publishing
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Developing Genetic Variability of Quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> Willd.) with Gamma Radiation for Use in Breeding Programs
Cereal and Native Grain Research Program, National Agricultural University La Molina, Lima, Peru
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Cereal and Native Grain Research Program, National Agricultural University La Molina, Lima, Peru
1 Cereal and Native Grain Research Program, National Agricultural University La Molina, Lima, Peru
2 Cereal and Native Grain Research Program, National Agricultural University La Molina, Lima, Peru
Quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a staple food produced mainly by small-scale subsistence farmers in Peru’s highland. Dry seeds (cv. Pasankalla) were irradiated with doses of 150 Gy, 250 Gy and 350 Gy. In the M 1 generation, the germination process was delayed with increasing radiation dose; seedling height, root length and leaf development were most reduced at 250 Gy and at 350 Gy, no plants survived. In M 2 , t he maximum spectrum of chlorophyll muta tions corresponded to 150 Gy and the maximum frequency to 250 Gy. The chlorine mutation was predominant, fol lowed by xantha. Changes were registered for branch number, pedicel length, plant height, life-cycle duration, stem and foliage colour, and leaf morphology at the two doses, with improvements in plant type. More than one mutation per plant was found, especially at 250 Gy. In M 3 , the same spectrum of mutations was observed, along with a valuable change in grain colour.
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