Cytological Investigation of Pollen Development in Sorghum Line with Male Sterility Induced by Sodium Ascorbate in Tissue Culture — Oak Academic Publishing
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Cytological Investigation of Pollen Development in Sorghum Line with Male Sterility Induced by Sodium Ascorbate in Tissue Culture
Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural Research Institute for South-East Region, Saratov, Russia.
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Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural Research Institute for South-East Region, Saratov, Russia.
1 Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural Research Institute for South-East Region, Saratov, Russia.
2 Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural Research Institute for South-East Region, Saratov, Russia.
Investigation of male sterility mutations is an effective approach for identification of genes involved in anther and pol len development. The comparison of “ cytological phenotypes ” of newly induced mutants with phenotypes determined by already known genes favors elucidation of genetic control of diverse microsporo- and gametogenesis stages. In this paper, we describe pollen development in the grain sorghum line Zh10- asc 1 with mutation of male sterility. This line was obtained from callus culture treated by sodium ascorbate. A wide spectrum of abnormalities in microsporogenesis have been found, such as cytomixis, chromosomal laggards, chromosome disjunction, adhesion of chromosomes, dis turbed cytokinesis, and others. In tapetum, the cells with one nucleus, with unequal nuclei, and with micronuclei have been observed. During pollen grain (PG) maturation abnormalities in starch accumulation and delay of development often took place. In mature anthers, a variety of pollen grain types ha ve been revealed: fertile, of irregular shape, incom pletely filled with starch, PGs delayed at the uni-nucleate or bi-nucleate gametophyte stages, with partially or fully de generated contents, and with abnormal coloration. Variation in spectrum and the frequency of disturbances between the flowers of one and the same plant have been revealed. The reasons for significant genetic and epigenetic instability are discussed.
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