<i>In Vitro</i> Anti-Diabetic Activities and Phytochemical Analysis of Bioactive Fractions Present in <i>Meriandra dianthera, Aloe camperi</i> and a Polyherb — Oak Academic Publishing
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<i>In Vitro</i> Anti-Diabetic Activities and Phytochemical Analysis of Bioactive Fractions Present in <i>Meriandra dianthera, Aloe camperi</i> and a Polyherb
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Eritrea Institute of Technology, Asmara, Eritrea
,
Department of Chemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
,
Department of Food Science and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
,
Centre for Studies in Biotechnology, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
,
Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
,
Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
1 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Eritrea Institute of Technology, Asmara, Eritrea
2 Department of Chemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
3 Department of Food Science and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
4 Centre for Studies in Biotechnology, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
5 Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
6 Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
This paper reports the in vitro anti-diabetic profile of certain medicinal plants traditionally used in Eritrea for the management of type 2 diabetes. The crude methanolic extracts and fractions of Meriandra dianthera , Aloe camperi , a Polyherb and their fractions were investigated. The in vitro screening of the crude extra cts has generally elicited a dose dependent α -glucosidase and α -amylase inhibition activities. M. dianthera displayed the highest α -glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC 50 : 0.074 ± 0.032 mg/mL) at the highest concentration tested (0.800 mg/mL) relative to A. camperi , the Polyherb and Acarbose (IC 50 : 0.37 ± 0.052, 0.56 ± 0.024 and 0.55 ± 0.029 respectively). The α -glucosidase inhibition activities of A. camperi and M. dianthera , except for the Polyherb and Acarbose, were significantly different (P < 0.05) at various ranges of concentrations (0.025 - 0.800 mg/mL). The percentage α -amylase inhibitions of M. dianthera , A. camperi , the Polyherb and Acarbose, at the highest concentrations (0.800 mg/mL), were 78.3%, 15.9%, 16.4%, and 82.9% respectively. A. camperi and the Polyherb displayed lower α -amylase inhibitory activities (IC 50 : 1.72 ± 0.06 and 2.57 ± 0.07 mg/mL respectively) compared to Acarbose and M. dianthera (IC 50 : 0.31 ± 0.01 and 0.43 ± 0.02 mg/mL respectively). For the α -amylase inhibition activity, even at lower concentrations (0.025 mg/mL), there were statistically significant differences (P < 0.01) among the values generated for all the extracts. The in vitro anti-diabetic screening of the fractions, at 0.800 mg/ml, displayed characteristic enzyme inhibition activities. Generally, the non-polar fractions showed higher enzyme inhibitory activities compared to the polar fractions. The most bioactive non-polar fractions, thus, were subjected to GC-MS analysis and presented various essential oils, fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and benzoic acid derivatives in those plants.
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