Stress Responses of Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) Genotypes as Measured by Trigonelline Content after Exposure to UV-B Radiation — Oak Academic Publishing
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Stress Responses of Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) Genotypes as Measured by Trigonelline Content after Exposure to UV-B Radiation
Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM, USA
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Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
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Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM, USA
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Agricultural Science Center, New Mexico State University, Clovis, NM, USA
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Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM, USA
1 Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM, USA
2 Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
3 Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM, USA
4 Agricultural Science Center, New Mexico State University, Clovis, NM, USA
5 Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM, USA
UV-B radiation has been widely documented as a stressor for plants that can cause decreased biomass, reduction in photosynthesis, and oxidative stress. Trigonelline is a secondary metabolite that is biosynthesized in some plants in response to abiotic stress such as UV-B irradiation. The objectives of this study were to examine biochemical stress responses for peanut plants ( Arachis hypogaea L.) of four different genotypes (Spanish, Valencia, Virginia, and Runner) after exposure at various lengths to UV-B radiation and to examine the alteration of trigonelline biosynthesis due to the age of the plants. Peanut plants from the genotypes were exposed to UV-B radiation at three exposure times (60, 120, and 180 min); plants from two growth stages, the flowering (R1) and early maturity (R7), were used. Significant positive correlations (r s 0.29-0.74, P ≤0.05) were found for trigonelline concentrations and UV-B exposure times. With longer exposure times of 180 min for plants at R7, trigonelline biosynthesis began as early as 10 days after treatment with 154.6 μg · g - 1 DW and remained or increased by up to 71.5 μg · g - 1 DW (46.3%) throughout the sampling intervals (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 days after treatment) to a final value of 226.1 μg · g - 1 DW. All four genotypes at R7 exhibited trigonelline concentrations 47.3% to 52.4% (71.6 to 96.5 μg·g - 1 DW) higher than individuals at R1. Trigonelline biosynthesis at R7 was significantly ( P <0.05) affected by all levels of UV-B exposure, whereas trigonelline concentrations at R1 were significantly influenced ( P <0.05) by only the longer exposure times (120 and 180 min). No statistically significant difference was found in trigonelline concentration among the four different genotypes. UV-B irradiation had the greatest effect on plants at R7 after 120 and 180 min of exposure, as 15 out of 20 (75%) individuals had significantly higher ( P <0.05) trigonelline concentrations.
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