The Biphasic Role of Cupper and Counteraction with <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> Application on Growth, Metabolities, Osmotic Pressure and Mineral of Wheat Plant

Abstract

The interactive effect of different Cu ++ concentrations (5 mM, 10 mM, 20 mM and 25 mM) and treatments with biofertilizers Azospirillum brasilense on growth, metabolites, minerals and osmotic pressure of wheat plants was investigated. Shoots and roots of wheat plant were differentially response to Cu ++ treatments, while shoot organ response positively to this treatment, root response negatively. The positive effect of Cu ++ in shoot organ was concomitant with the increase in the production of fresh, dry matter, length and water content and this related with the accumulation of soluble sugar, soluble protein and mineral as a result of increasing osmotic pressure. On the other side, the negative effect of Cu ++ on root organ was concomitant with the decrease in production of fresh, dry matter, length and water content that related with the reduction in the accumulation of soluble sugar and mineral with the insignificant change in osmotic pressure. Azospirillum brasilense inoculation increased the accumulation of soluble sugar and soluble protein which reflected an increase in the production of fresh, dry matter and water content with increasing values of osmotic pressure of the tested plants under Cu ++ treatment. Finally, wheat plants response differentially to Cu ++ treatment according to its organ and Azospirillum brasilense treatment improved wheat plant efficiency to tolerate the effect of Cu ++ stress.