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A Topological Magueijo-Smolin Varying Speed of Light Theory, the Accelerated Cosmic Expansion and the Dark Energy of Pure Gravity
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
Technical School Center of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Nantong Textile Institute, National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- 1 Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
- 2 Technical School Center of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- 3 Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- 4 Nantong Textile Institute, National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
Applied Mathematics·Volume 05 (2014)·Pages 1780–1790·Published 26 June 2014·DOI10.4236/am.2014.512171
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Abstract
The paper presents a detailed analysis of ordinary and dark energy density of the cosmos based on two different but complimentary theories. First, and starting from the concept of the speed of light being an average over multi-fractals, we use Magueijo-Smolin’s ingenious revision of Einstein’s special relativity famous formula E = mc 2 to a doubly special formula which includes the Planck energy as invariant to derive the ordinary energy density E ( O ) = mc 2 /22 and the dark energy density E ( D ) = mc 2 (21/22) wheremis the mass andcis the speed of light. Second we use the topological theory of pure gravity to reach the same result thus confirming the correctness of the theory of varying speed of light as well as the COBE, WMAP and Type 1a supernova cosmological measurements.
KeywordsDark EnergyQuantum GravityVarying Speed of Light TheoryEnergy of Quantum WaveQuantum Non-Demolition
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