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Non-Integrability of Painlevé V Equations in the Liouville Sense and Stokes Phenomenon
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Advances in Pure Mathematics·Volume 01 (2011)·Pages 170–183·Published 22 July 2011·DOI10.4236/apm.2011.14031
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Abstract
In this paper we are concerned with the integrability of the fifth Painlevé equation (<i>P<sub>V</sub></i> ) from the point of view of the Hamiltonian dynamics. We prove that the Painlevé<i>V</i> equation (2) with parameters <i>k</i><sub>∞</sub>=0,<i>k</i><sub>0</sub>= –<i>θ</i> for arbitrary complex <i>θ</i> (and more generally with parameters related by Bäclund transformations) is non integrable by means of meromorphic first integrals. We explicitly compute formal and analytic invariants of the second variational equations which generate topologically the differential Galois group. In this way our calculations and Ziglin-Ramis-Morales-Ruiz-Simó method yield to the non-integrable results.
KeywordsDifferential Galois theoryPainlevéV equationHamiltonian SystemsStokes PhenomenonAsymptotic Theory
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