Characterization of Spider Plant ( Cleome gynandra L.) under Samanko Conditions

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate spider plant ( Cleome gynandra L.) accessions for agronomic and morphological characteristics. Sixty-four accessions, characterized under Samanko conditions, were assessed using a phenotypic evaluation system. Observations and biometric measurements covered 34 variables, revealing considerable agro-morphological variability among the accessions, particularly in qualitative traits. Significant differences were observed at the 5% threshold between accessions for variables such as plant height, plant diameter, pod width, and 50% flowering date. Several positive correlations were also noted between the traits. The study identified three distinct groups of accessions based on diversity structuring. The first group mainly comprised accessions with a short growth cycle and average yield. The second group was characterized by accessions with superior agronomic performance, featuring a long cycle and high yields. In contrast, class III exhibited lower agronomic performance compared to the other two classes. The variability identified in this study offers potential for use in Cleome gynandra L. improvement programs in Mali, with class II accessions distinguished by their dark green, hairy stems and superior agronomic performance being the most promising candidates for improvement.