Challenges of the Energy Transition in Brazil: Petrobras’ Role in Climate Change and the Implementation of the 2024-2028 Strategic Plan

Abstract

This article examines the challenges of the energy transition in Brazil and the role of Petrobrás in this process, with a particular focus on the implementation of the 2024-2028 Strategic Plan. The energy transition, which is vital for mitigating climate change, entails the substitution of fossil fuels with renewable energy sources. Consequently, major energy companies, such as Petrobrás, are obliged to adapt their operations in order to align with the global decarbonisation objectives. The research problem can be defined as follows: how can Petro-brás reconcile its reliance on oil and gas exploration with the imperative of an effective energy transition, contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and the development of low-carbon technologies? This article examines how Petrobrás’ Strategic Plan aims to facilitate this transition, evaluating the challenges and opportunities for the company and for Brazil. The deductive-analytical method was employed, with bibliographical and documentary research based on Petrobrás reports and studies on energy transition. The conclusion reveals that, although Petrobrás still relies significantly on oil, its investments in renewable energies and carbon capture technologies indicate a progressive shift towards sustainability, in line with global climate commitments.