Gender-Based Education and Differentiation in Aspirations at the University Level: A Sociological Investigation

Abstract

Higher education helps to fulfill students’ aspirations. The academic environment and performance in higher education play a key role in shaping their future careers. The primary aim of this study is to investigate gender-based differences in the aspirations of university students. Data were collected and analyzed from students in the 2020 - 2021 academic session in the Department of Sociology at the University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. The total number of students was 101, comprising 38 male students and 63 female students. A questionnaire, as part of the social survey method, was used to collect data. It included both open-ended and closed-ended questions. Additionally, two Focus Group Discussions (FGDs)-one with male students and one with female students were conducted to gather qualitative data. The results revealed that the education, occupation, and income of the fathers of female students were higher compared to those of male students, which positively influenced the female students’ educational attainment and future career aspirations. Satisfaction with admission to the Department of Sociology was higher among female students than among male students. Before admission, the number of aspirations was higher among male students; however, after admission, aspirations were higher among the female students. The role of family, friends, and institutions in fulfilling aspirations was more significant for the female students than for the male students. Although the respondents identified diverse aspirations, they also encountered obstacles that often led to frustration. Nevertheless, steps taken for student development will help fulfill these aspirations and support career planning.