Instructional leadership is a main aspect of principals’ leadership in the school. The school’s success, in turn, depends largely on principals’ abilities in instructional leadership. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify principals’ instructional leadership influence on science teaching competency. Using a quantitative approach, we surveyed instructional leadership and science teaching competency in 311 science teachers in Terengganu, Malaysia. The data were analyzed using structural equation modelling (SEM) by AMOS 22 and the results showed that all nine dimensions proposed for instructional leadership variables were significant with a loading factor of 0.70 - 0.84. Correspondingly, the science teaching competency variables were significant too with a loading factor of 0.81 - 0.95. Our findings indicated instructional leadership contributed significantly to the science teaching competency ( β = 0.51, CR = 8.589, p = 0 .00). In summary, we have successfully developed an interaction model between instructional leadership and science teaching competency.
KeywordsInstructional LeadershipScience Teaching CompetencyTeaching and LearningScience Teachers
Airasian, P., & Gay, L. R. (2003). Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.
Bhargava, A., & Pathy, M. (2011). Perception of Student Teachers about Teaching Competencies. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, 1, 77-81. http://aijcrnet.com/journals/Vol._1_No.1_July_2011/10.pdf
Blase, J., & Blase, J. (2000). Effective Instructional Leadership: Teachers’ Perspectives on How Principals Promote Teaching and Learning in Schools. Journal of Educational Administration, 38, 130-141. https://doi.org/10.1108/09578230010320082
Bollen, K. A., & Stine, R. (1992). Bootstrapping Goodness of Fit Measures in Structural Equation Models. Sociological Methods and Research, 21, 205-229. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124192021002004
Byrne, B. M. (1998). Structural Equation Modeling with LISREL, PRELIS and SIMPLIS: Basic Concepts, Applications and Programming. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research Methods in Education (6th ed.). New York, NY: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203029053
Davarajoo, E. (2012). Hubungan Antara Kepimpinan Pengajaran Guru Besar Dengan Komitmen Kerja Dan Kepuasan Kerja Guru Sekolah Rendah Di Zon Tanjung Karang. Kepemimpinan Untuk Pembelajaran (Leadership for Learning).
Day, C., Gu, Q., & Sammons, P. (2016). The Impact of Leadership on Student Outcomes: How Successful School Leaders Use Transformational and Instructional Strategies to Make a Difference. Educational Administration Quarterly, 52, 221-258. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X15616863
Guru, B. P. (2009). Standard Guru Malaysia (pp. 1-187).
Hallinger, P. (2005). Instructional Leadership and the School Principal: A Passing Fancy that Refuses to Fade Away. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 4, 221-239. https://doi.org/10.1080/15700760500244793
Hallinger, P. (2009). Leadership for 21st Century Schools: From Instructional Leadership to Leadership for Learning. Hong Kong: Chair Professors Public Lecture Series of the Hong Kong Institute of Education, hlm. 32.
Hallinger, P., & Murphy, J. F. (1985). Assessing the Instructional Management Behavior of Principals. Elementary School Journal, 86, 217-247. https://doi.org/10.1086/461445
Hallinger, P., & Murphy, J. F. (1987). Assesing and Developping Principal Instructional Leadership. Educational Leadership, 45, 54-61.
Hallinger, P., Wang, W. C., Chen, C. W., & Li, D. (2015). Assessing Instructional Leadership with the Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale (pp. 1-204). Berlin: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15533-3
Ibrahim, M. Y., & Amin, A. (2014). Model Kepemimpinan Pengajaran Pengetua dan Kompetensi Pengajaran Guru. Jurnal Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, 2, 11-25.
Khan, Z., Khan, U. A., Shah, R. U., & Iqbal, J. (2009). Instructional Leadership, Supervision and Teacher Development. Dialogue, 4, 580-592. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=57631231&site=ehost-live
Knight, G. P., Virdin, L. M., Ocampo, K. A., & Roosa, M. (1998). An Examination of the Cross-Ethnic Equivalence of Measures of Negative Life Events and Mental Health among Hispanic and Anglo-American Children. American Journal of Community Psychology, 22, 767-783. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02521558
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308
Kunter, M., Klusmann, U., Baumert, J., Richter, D., Voss, T., & Hachfeld, A. (2013). Professional Competence of Teachers: Effects on Instructional Quality and Student Development. Journal of Educational Psychology, 105, 805-820. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032583
Leithwood, K., Harris, A., & Hopkins, D. (2008). Seven Strong Claims about Successful School Leadership. School Leadership & Management, 28, 27-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632430701800060
Liakopoulou, M. (2011). The Professional Competence of Teachers: Which Qualities, Attitudes, Skills and Knowledge Contribute to a Teacher’s Effectiveness? International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 1, 66-78.
Mansor, A. N. (2006). Amalan Pengurusan Pengetua Sekolah Menengah: Satu Kajian Kes. Tesis Doktor Falsafah, Bandar Baru Bangi: UKM.
Mariani, A., & Ismail, Z. (2013). Pengaruh Kompetensi Guru Matematik Ke Atas Amalan Pengajaran Kreatif.
Marks, H. M., & Printy, S. M. (2003). Principal Leadership and School Performance: An Integration of Transformational and Instructional Leadership (pp. 370-397). Hong Kong: The Hong Kong Institute of Education.
Mattar, D., Pansiri, N. O., Heck, R. H., Shatzer, R. H., Caldarella, P., Hallam, P. R., Brown, B. L., et al. (2013). Principals’ Instructional Leadership and School Performance: Implications for Policy Development. Journal of Educational Administration, 48, 130-141.
Meyers, L. S., Gamst, G., & Guarino, A. J. (2006). Applied Multivariate Research: Design and Interpretation. London: Sage.
Ministry of Education (2013). Laporan Jemaah Nazir. Inspectorate and Quality Assurance (JNJK). Putrajaya: Ministry of Education, Malaysia.
Mohd Yusri, I. (2012). Model Kepimpinan Pengajaran Pengetua Efikasi dan Kompetensi Pengajaran. Universiti Malaysia Terengganu.
Nasri, N. M. (2010). Standard Guru Sains Malaysia: Kerangka Awal. Tesis Sarjana, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Piaw, C. Y. (2009). Asas Statistik Penyelidikan: Analisis Data Skala Ordinal dan Skala Nominal. Shah Alam: McGraw-Hill.
Quinn, D. M. (2002). The Impact of Principal Leadership Behaviors on Instructional Practice and Student Engagement. Journal of Educational Administration, 40, 447-467. https://doi.org/10.1108/09578230210440294
Sahin, S. (2011). Relationship between Instructional Leadership Style and School Culture. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 11, 1920-1927.
Yusof, M. R., & Ibrahim, M. Y. (2015). Sumbangan Kepimpinan Instruksional Maya Terhadap Kompetensi Pengajaran Guru. In Proceeding of the International Conference and Social Science Research (pp.756-765). Lumpur: Melia hotel Kuala.