Study of Antiparasitic and Cytotoxicity of the Aqueous, the 80% Methanol Extract and Its Fractions, and the Acute Toxicity of the Aqueous Extract of <i>Brucea sumatrana</i> (Simaroubaceae) Leaves Collected in Mai-Ndombe, Democratic Republic of Congo — Oak Academic Publishing
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Study of Antiparasitic and Cytotoxicity of the Aqueous, the 80% Methanol Extract and Its Fractions, and the Acute Toxicity of the Aqueous Extract of <i>Brucea sumatrana</i> (Simaroubaceae) Leaves Collected in Mai-Ndombe, Democratic Republic of Congo
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
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Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
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Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
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Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
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Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, University of Antwerp, Universisteitsplein 1, Antwerpen, Belgium
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Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, University of Antwerp, Universisteitsplein 1, Antwerpen, Belgium
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Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Natural Products & Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRa), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerpen, Belgium
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Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Natural Products & Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRa), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerpen, Belgium
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Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Natural Products & Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRa), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerpen, Belgium
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Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Natural Products & Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRa), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerpen, Belgium
1 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
2 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
3 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
4 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
5 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, University of Antwerp, Universisteitsplein 1, Antwerpen, Belgium
6 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, University of Antwerp, Universisteitsplein 1, Antwerpen, Belgium
7 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Natural Products & Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRa), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerpen, Belgium
8 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Natural Products & Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRa), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerpen, Belgium
9 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Natural Products & Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRa), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerpen, Belgium
10 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Natural Products & Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRa), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerpen, Belgium
Results from the in vitro evaluation of the antiparasitaire activity of the aqueous extract, the 80% methanol extract and its fractions from the leaves of Brucea sumatrana against Trypanosoma brucei brucei , T. cruzi , Leishmania infantum , the multidrug-resistant K1 and chloroquine-sensitive NF54 strains of Plasmodium falciparum indicated that all samples from the leaves extract presented interesting antiparasitaire activity at different extents. The 80% methanol extract, its chloroform acid, petroleum ether and 80% methanol soluble fractions and the aqueous extract exhibited strong activity against Trypanosoma b. brucei , T. cruzi , L. infantum and the multidrug-resistant K1 strain of P. falciparum with IC 50 values from <0.25 to 4.35 μg/ml as well as against chloroquine-sensitive NF54 strain of P. falciparum with IC 50 values ranging from <0.02 to 2.0.4 μg/ml. Most samples were cytotoxic against MRC-5 cell lines (0.2 < cytotoxic concentration 50(CC 50 ) < 34.24 μg/ml) and showed good selective effect against all tested parasites. In acute toxicity, the aqueous extract was found to be non-toxic and its LD 50 was estimated to be greater than 5 g/kg. In addition, it did not significantly modify the concentration levels of some evaluated biochemical and hematological parameters in treated rats. These results constitute a scientific validation supporting and justifying the traditional use of the leaves of B. sumatrana for the treatment of malaria, sleeping sickness and at some extent Chagas disease.
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