Markers of Heart, Lung and Dorsal Aorta Damage of Mother Rats and Their Neonates Post Therapeutic Treatment with Doxorubicin, Cisplatin and 5-Flurouracil

Abstract

Aim : Recently, there is an increased average of developing cancers. Though, the chemotherapeutic-treatment is unfavorable during pregnancy due to its harmful effects on developing fetuses, physicians have two ways to minimize these effects either by termination of the pregnancy or minimizing its side effects. The present work aimed to illustrate the susceptibility of cardiac, lung and dorsal aorta function to the widely applicable drugs doxorubicin and cisplatin as well as 5-flurouracil. Materials and Methods: Mother albino rats were arranged into four-groups (control, doxorubicin, cisplatin and 5-flurouracil-treated groups). Each pregnant rat received intraperitoneal administration of 0.2 mg/kg body weight at 10 th and 14 th day of gestation and sacrificed at parturition (two doses). At parturition, serum of mother rats used to assess troponin I, heat shock protein 70, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, vascular endothelial growth factor and adhesion molecules (ICAM-1 & VCAM-1). Isoenzyme electrophoresis of alkaline and acid phosphatases, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and lactic dehydrogenase were estimated in serum, myocardium and dorsal aorta of mother rats. The myocardium and lung were processed for histopathological investigations for both mothers and their offspring. Single strand (comet assay) and double strand DNA damage were carried out in heart and dorsal aorta of mother rats. Results: The present finding revealed that there are detected alterations of myocardial markers and lung amino acid metabolism as well as disruption of myocardial isoenzymes. DNA damage of myocardium and dorsal aorta were observed. Conclusions: The authors concluded that the metabolic activity of heart and lung is highly susceptible to doxorubicin and cisplatin treatment compared to 5-flurouracil and the therapeutic doses must be degraded.