Research ArticleOpen AccessGoogle Scholar indexed
Engineering Antibody Fragment with the Quantum Dot in Cancer Cell Imaging and Diagnosis
Krebs Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Firth Court, Sheffield, UK
Krebs Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Firth Court, Sheffield, UK
- 1 Krebs Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Firth Court, Sheffield, UK
- 2 Krebs Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Firth Court, Sheffield, UK
Copy link · social · email
Abstract
The conjugates of monoclonal antibodies and nanoparticles, including quantum-dot(QD), offer significant advantages over conventional fluorescent probes to image and study biological processes. The extend stability, intense fluorescence and low toxicity of QDs are well suited for biological applications. In the present study, we used QD-conjugated anti-glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78) antibody to examine the gene expression in prostate cancer cells under the unfolded protein response (UPR). QDs have got unique, simple and fast properties over current diagnostic techniques such as peroxidase-based immunohistochemical staining procedures, therefore the nanocarrier-conjugated antibody fragment has potential to become a new therapeutic tool for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
KeywordsQuantum DotAntibody FragmentProstate CancerGRP78scFvUPRImmunohistochemistry
- X. Gao, Y. Cui, R. M. Levenson, L. W. Chung, S. Nie,” In vivo cancer targeting and imaging with semiconductor quantum dots,” Nat Biotechnol, Vol 22, No.8, 2004, pp. 969 -976.
- C. Yang, C. Xu, X. Wang, X. Hu, “Quantum dot-based biosensor for simultaneous detection of biomarker and therapeutic drug: first steps toward an assay for quantitative pharmacology, ” Analyst, Vol. 137, No.5, 2012, pp.1205-1209.
- H. Tada, H. Higuchi, T. M. Wanatabe, N. Ohuchi, “In vivo real-time tracking of single quantum dots conjugated with monoclonal anti- HER2 antibody in tumors of mice,” Cancer Res, Vol. 67, No. 3, 2007, pp.1138 -1144.
- A. S. Lee, “GRP78 induction in cancer: therapeutic and prognostic implications,” Cancer Res, Vol. 67, No. 8, 2007, pp. 3496- 3499.
- K. L. Cook, A. N. Shajahan, A. Warri, L. Jin, L. A. Hilakivi-Clarke, R. Clarke,” Glucose- Regulated Protein 78 Controls Cross-talk between Apoptosis and Autophagy to Determine Antiestrogen Responsiveness,” Cancer Res, Vol. 72, No. 13, 2012, pp. 3337-3349.
- Y. Fu, S. Wey, M. Wang, R. Ye, C. P. Liao, P. Roy-Burman, A. S. Lee,“ Pten null prostate tumorigenesis and AKT activation are blocked by targeted knockout of ER chaperone GRP78/BiP in prostate epithelium,” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Vol. 105, No. 49, 2008, pp. 19444-19449.
- R. Burikhanov, Y. Zhao, A. Goswami, S. Qiu, S. R. Schwarze, V. M. Rangnekar,” The tumor suppressor Par-4 activates an extrinsic pathwayfor apoptosis,” Cell, Vol. 138, No. 2, 2009, pp.377-388.
- W. Xu, L. Liu, I. G. Charles, S. Moncada, “Nitric oxide induces coupling of mitochondrial signalling with the endoplasmic reticulum stress response,” Nat Cell Biol, Vol. 6, No. 11, 2004, pp.1129-1134.
- L. Liu, W. Xu, “Targeting Nitric Oxide Mediated Upregulation of Membrane-bound Glucose Regulated-protein 78 by Subtractive Single Chain Variable Fragment (scFv) Phage Display,” American Journal of Biomedical Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 4, 2009, pp. 321-325.
- W. Xu, L. Liu, N. J. Brown, S. Christian, D. Hornby,” Quantum dot-conjugated anti- GRP78 scFv inhibits cancer growth in mice,” Molecules, Vol. 17, No. 1, 2012, pp. 796-808.
- D. Dong, C. Stapleton, B. Luo, S. Xiong, W. Ye, Y. Zhang, N. Jhaveri, G. Zhu, R. Ye, Z. Liu, K. W. Bruhn, N. Craft, S. Groshen, F. M. Hofman, A. S. Lee, “A critical role for GRP78/BiP in the tumor microenvironment for neovascularization during tumor growth and Metastasis,” Cancer Res, Vol. 71, No. 8, 2011, pp. 2848-2957.