Co-liquefaction of Coal and Used Tire in Supercritical Water
- 1
- 2
- 3
Abstract
The co-liquefaction of lignite coal and used tire was performed in a 250-ml batch reactor, in supercritical water under a nitrogen atmosphere to investigate the effects of temperature (380-440℃), water/feedstock ratio (4/1-10/1 (wt./wt.)) and the % used tire content in the feedstock (0-100 wt.%) on the conversion efficiency, liquid yield and oil composition attained. The maximum conversion and oil yield were 67 and 50%, respectively, obtained at 400℃ at 1 min, with water/feedstock ratio of 10/1 and 80% used tire content. The distillation characteristics of the oil products, analyzed by simulated distillation gas chromatography, revealed that the oil composition depended significantly on the reaction temperature. The co-liquefaction of coal and used tire yielded a synergistically increased level of oil production. Moreover, the total conversion level obtained with co-liquefaction alone was almost equal to those obtained in the presence of either Fe2O3 or NiMo as catalysts, under the same conditions. Therefore, supercritical water is a good medium for the dissolution of the volatile matter from a coal and used tire matrix.
- P. T. Williams and R. P. Bottrill, “Sulfur-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Tyre Pyrolysis Oil,” Fuel, Vol. 74, No. 5, 1995, pp. 736-742.
- G. C. Hwang, J. H. Choi, S. Y. Bae and K. Kumazawa, “Degradation of Polystyrene in Supercritical Hexane,” Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 18, No. 6, 2001, pp. 854-861.
- S. N. Joung, S. W. Park, S. Y. Kim, K. P. You and S. Y. Bae, “Thermolysis of Scrap Tire Using Supercritical Toluene,” Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 16, No. 5, 1999, pp. 602-607.
- A. V. Cugini, R. G. Lett and I. Wender, “Coal/Oil Coprocessing Mechanism Studies,” Energy and Fuels, Vol. 3, No. 2, 1989, pp. 120-126.
- A. M. Mastral, R. Murillo, M. J. Perez-Surio and M. Callen, “Coal Hydrocoprocessing with Tires and Tire Components,” Energy Fuels, Vol. 10, No. 4, 1996, pp. 941-947.
- Z. Liu, J. W. Zondolo and D. B. Dadyburjor, “Tire Liquefaction and its Effect on Coal Liquefaction,” Energy Fuels, Vol. 8, No. 3, 1994, pp. 607-612.
- A. M. Mastral, R. Murillo, M. S. Callen and T. Garcia, “Evidence of Coal and Tire Interactions in Coal-Tire Coprocessing for Short Residence Times,” Fuel Processing Technology, Vol. 69, 2000, pp. 127-140.
- M. Sugano, D. Onda and K. Mashimo, “Additive Effect of Waste Tire on the Hydrogenolysis Reaction of Coal Liquefaction Residue,” Energy Fuels, Vol. 20, No. 6, 2006, pp. 2713-2716.
- Y. Tang and C. W. Curtis, “Thermal and Catalytic Coprocessing of Waste Tires with Coal,” Fuel Processing Technology, Vol. 46, No. 3, 1995, pp. 195-215.
- T. Funazukuri, T. Takanashi and N. Wakoa, “Supercritical Extraction of Used Automotive Tire with Water,” Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan, Vol. 20, 1987, pp. 23-27.
- S. Park and E. F. Gloyna, “Statistical Study of the Liquefaction of Used Rubber Tyre in Supercritical Water,” Fuel, Vol. 76, No. 11, 1997, pp. 999-1003.
- N. Akiya and P. E. Savage, “Roles of Water for Chemical Reactions in High-Temperature Water,” Chemical Reviews, Vol. 102, No. 8, 2002, pp. 2725-2750.
- S. Sangon, S. Ratanavaraha, S. Ngamprasertsith and P. Prasassarakich, “Coal Liquefaction Using Supercritical Toluene-Tetralin Mixture in a Semi-Continuous Reactor,” Fuel Processing Technology, Vol. 87, No. 3, 2006, pp. 201-207.
- X. Su, Y. Zhao, R. Zhang and J. Bi, “Investigation on Degradation of Polyethylene to Oils in Supercritical Water,” Fuel Processing Technology, Vol. 85, No. 8-10, 2004, pp. 1249-1258.