Open for submissionsPeer reviewed, fully open access, and a low article processing charge.Submit manuscript

Research ArticleOpen AccessGoogle Scholar indexed

Hepatoprotective Effect of Green Tea Extract against Cyclophosphamide Induced Liver Injury in Albino Rats

  1. 1 Anatomy Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, KSA
  2. 2 Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research·Volume 06, Issue 2·Pages 11–19·Published 12 April 2018·DOI10.4236/fmar.2018.62002
Download PDF

Abstract

Background: Green tea intake is accompanied with a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders; hence green tea extract has been included as dietary supplement along with other supplements and multivitamins. Aim of the Work: Studying the effect of cyclophosphamide administration on the liver of adult male albino rats and the possible protective role of green tea extract. Material and Methods: The current study was carried out on 45 adult male albino rats. They were divided into three equal groups (each included 15 rats). Group I (control group) was injected intraperitoneally with normal saline at a dosage of 0.5 mg/kg body weight twice weekly for 9 weeks. Group II was injected intraperitoneally with cyclophosphamide (CP) (150 mg/kg/day) for two weeks. Group III: rats received green tea extracts orally (50 mg/kg/day) for three weeks, and then continued for further two weeks concomitantly with intraperitoneally cyclophosphamide (CP) injected (150 mg/kg/day). Results: Rats exposed to cyclophosphamide (CP) showed several histological and histochemical changes in their liver. These changes were improved by using green tea. Conclusion: The present work showed that green tea had preventive and therapeutic effect upon livers of albino rats after they were exposed to CP.

KeywordsGreen TeaAlbino RatsLiverCyclophosphamide
  1. Hamden, K., Carreau, S., Ellouz, F., et al. (2009) Improvement Effect of Green Tea on Hepaticdysfunction, Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Defence Depletion Induced by Cadmium. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8, 4233-4238.
  2. Elzoghby, R.R., Ahlam, F.H., Abdel-Fatah, A., et al. (2014) Protective Role of Vitamin C and Green Tea Extract on Malathion-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in Rats. American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 9, 177-188. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajptsp.2014.177.188
  3. Adel, A.G., Sabah, E.F., Tarek, S. and El-Naggar, A. (2009) Protective Role of Green Tea on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Hepatotoxicity. Scientific Journal of Faculty of Science (Minufiya University), 23, 55-67.
  4. Higdon, J.V. and Frei, B. (2003) Tea Catechins and Polyphenols: Health Effects, Metabolism, and Andantioxidant Functions. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 43, 89-143.
  5. Heikal, T.M., Mossa, A.-T.H., Rasoul, M.A.A., et al. (2013) The Ameliorating Effects of Green Tea Extract against Cyromazine and Chlorpyrifos Induced Liver Toxicity in Malerats. Changes, 5, 9.
  6. Al-Attar, A.M. and Abu Zeid, I.M. (2013) Effect of Tea (Camellia sinensis) and Olive (Oleaeuropaea L.) Leaves Extracts on Male Mice Exposed to Diazinon. BioMed Research International, 461, 415-420.
  7. Kuriyama, S., Shimazu, T., Ohmori, K., et al. (2006) Green Tea Consumption and Mortality Due to Cardiovascular Disease, Cancer, and All Causes in Japan: The Ohsaki Study. JAMA, 296, 1255-1265.
  8. Frei, B. and Higdon, J.V. (2003) Antioxidant Activity of Tea Polyphenols in Vivo: Evidence from Animal Studies. The Journal of Nutrition, 133, 3275S-3284S. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/133.10.3275S
  9. Lotito, S.B. and Frei, B. (2006) Consumption of Flavonoid-Rich Foods and Increased Plasma Antioxidant Capacity in Humans: Cause, Consequence, or Epiphenomenon? Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 41, 1727-1746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.04.033
  10. Ilbey, Y.O., Ozbek, E., Simsek, A., Otunctemur, A., Cekmen, M. and Somay, A. (2009) Potential Chemoprotective Effect of Mela-tonin in Cyclophosphamide- and Cisplatin-Induced Testicular Damage in Rats. Fertility and Sterility, 92, 1124-1132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.1758
  11. Kirkland, R.T., Bongiovanni, A.M., Cornfeld, D., McCormick, J.B., Parks, J.S. and Tenore, A. (1976) Gonadotropin Responses to Luteinizing Releasing Factor in Boys Treated with Cyclophosphamide for Nephrotic Syndrome. The Journal of Pediatrics, 89, 941-944. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3476(76)80600-2
  12. Kaur, R., Sangha, G. and Bilaspuri, G. (1997) Cyclophosphamide Induced Structural and Biochemical Changes in Testis and Epididymidis of Rats. IJEB, 35, 771-775.
  13. Masala, A., Faedda, R., Alagna, S., Satta, A., Chiarelli, G., Rovasio, P.P., Ivaldi, R., Taras, M.S., Lai, E. and Bartoli, E. (1997) Use of Testosterone to Prevent Cyclophosphamide-Induced Azoospermia. Annals of Internal Medicine, 126, 292-295. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-126-4-199702150-00005
  14. Bancroft, D. and Gamble, M. (2008) Bancroft’s Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques. 6th Edition, Elsevier, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, Scotland, 178-186, 221-224.
  15. Walter, T. and Talbot, I. (1996) Welter and Israel General Pathology. Churchill Livingstone, London, 167.
  16. Şener, G., Ekşioğlu-Demiralp, E., Çetiner, M., et al. (2006) β-Glucan Ameliorates Methotrexate Induced Oxidative Organ Injury via Its Antioxidant and Immunomodulatory Effects. European Journal of Pharmacology, 542, 170-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.02.056
  17. Mahsa, Z. and Shivanandappa, T. (2013) Amelioration of Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hepatotoxicity by the Root Extract of Decalepis hamiltonii in Mice. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 57, 179-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2013.03.028
  18. Bhattacharya, A., Lawrence, R.A., Krishnan, A., Zaman, K., Sun, D. and Fernandes, G. (2003) Effect of Dietary n-3 and n-6 Oils with and without Food Restriction on Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes and Lipid Peroxidation in Livers of Cyclophosphamide Treated Autoimmune-Prone NZB/W Female Mice. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 22, 388-399. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2003.10719322
  19. Haque, R., Bin-Hafeez, B., Parvez, S., Pandey, S., Sayeed, I., Raisuddin, S. and Raisuddin, S. (2003) Aqueous Extract of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Protects Mice against Cyclophosphamide Induced Biochemical Toxicity. Human & Experimental Toxicology, 22, 473-480. https://doi.org/10.1191/0960327103ht388oa
  20. Kumar, K.B.H. and Kuttan, R. (2005) Chemoprotective Activity of an Extract of Phyllanthus amarus against Cyclophosphamide Induced Toxicity in Mice. Phytomedicine, 12, 494-500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2004.03.009
  21. Sharma, N., Trikha, P., Athar, M. and Raisuddin, S. (2000) Inhibitory Effect of Emblica officinalis on the in Vivo Clastogenicity of Benzo[a]pyrene and Cyclophosphamide in Mice. Human & Experimental Toxicology, 19, 377-384. https://doi.org/10.1191/096032700678815945
  22. Crespy, V. and Williamson, G. (2004) A Review of the Health Effects of Green Tea Catechins in in Vivo Animal Models. The Journal of Nutrition, 134, 3431S-3440S. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/134.12.3431S
  23. Chacko, S.M., Thambi, P.T., Kuttan, R. and Nishigaki, I. (2010) Beneficial Effects of Green Tea: A Literature Review. Chinese Medicine, 5, 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1749-8546-5-13
  24. Shimizu, M., Shirakami, Y., Sakai, H., Kubota, M., Kochi, T., et al. (2015) Chemopreventive Potential of Green Tea Catechins in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 16, 6124-6139. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms16036124