Nanoencapsulation of Antioxidant-Rich Fraction of Roasted <i>Moringa oleifera</i> L. Leaf Extract: Physico-Chemical Properties and <i>in Vitro</i> Release Mechanisms — Oak Academic Publishing
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Nanoencapsulation of Antioxidant-Rich Fraction of Roasted <i>Moringa oleifera</i> L. Leaf Extract: Physico-Chemical Properties and <i>in Vitro</i> Release Mechanisms
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, ENSAI, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Adamawa Region, Cameroon
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Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, ENSAI, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Adamawa Region, Cameroon
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Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, ENSAI, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Adamawa Region, Cameroon
1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, ENSAI, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Adamawa Region, Cameroon
2 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, ENSAI, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Adamawa Region, Cameroon
3 Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
4 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, ENSAI, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Adamawa Region, Cameroon
Nanocapsules (NC) of antioxidant rich fraction of roasted Moringa leaves were prepared using emulsion coacervation technique with alginate (ALG) and/or chitosan (CTS) as biopolymers. NC were characterized based on particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC). Substituting CTS with ALG in NC caused a reduction in particle size and PDI, and enhanced EE. Mean particle size dropped from 1209 nm in 1:3 to 413 nm in 3:1 ALG/CTS-NC; PDI decreased from 0.9% to 0.2% and zeta potential from - 5.4 to - 28.1 mV. The highest EE (87.6%) and LC (13%) were obtained with ALG-CTS-NC (3:1). ALG-NC were spherical while both CTS and ALG-CTS-NC were ovoid. ALG and ALG-CTS-NC were oil/water emulsions while CTS-NC formed water/oil emulsions. 60% and 70% of bioactives in ALG-CTS-NC (3:1) were released in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids respectively after 400 min. Release of antioxidants from NC is concentration-dependent (First order model) and involves simultaneously diffusion (Higuchi model), swelling (korsmeyer-Peppas model) and erosion (Hixson-Crowell model) mechanisms.
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