Links between Feeding Practices and Hemato-Parasitological Profile in Children Aged 6 to 59 Months in the Prefecture of Fria

Abstract

This descriptive cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between feeding practices and the hemato-parasitological profile of children aged 6 to 59 months in the prefecture of Fria. Data were collected from November 4 to December 4, 2024, from a sample of 450 children, including 116 aged 6 to 24 months, incorporating socio-demographic, anthropometric, hematological, parasitological, and nutritional parameters. Although 83.3% of the children exhibit normal nutritional status, acute malnutrition remains a concern, affecting 8.9% of them. Anemia is prevalent in 41.1% of the children and is strongly correlated with parasitic infections. Indeed, 69.7% of anemic children are infected with Plasmodium, while other infections, such as hookworm disease and schistosomiasis, further exacerbate this condition. Feeding practices are inadequate and unbalanced, particularly among children aged 6 to 24 months. Fewer than 21% of infants receive immediate breastfeeding at birth, and only 5.2% achieve a minimally acceptable diet, exposing them to an increased risk of malnutrition and essential micronutrient deficiencies. The study also reveals that over 60% of caregivers are unaware of basic nutritional principles, including the importance of food diversification and essential micronutrients like iron and iodine. Additionally, many caregivers do not follow hygienic food preparation practices, and a significant proportion of households lack adequate food preservation techniques. These gaps contribute to the high prevalence of anemia and parasitic infections among children. These findings underscore the urgent need to strengthen infant nutrition interventions, particularly by promoting dietary diversification, enhancing iron and micronutrient supplementation, and intensifying efforts to combat parasitic infections.