Gender Differences in Coffee Consumption and Its Effects in Young People
- 1 Graduate School of Natural Science & Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- 2 Fukui National College of Technology, Fukui, Japan
- 3 University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
- 4 University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
- 5 Jin-ai University, Echizen, Japan
- 6 Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan.
Abstract
This study aimed to examine gender differences in coffee consumption and awareness of its effects in young people. To examine the above problem, a survey was conducted in 1189 young people (567 males aged 19.3 ± 1.5 years; 622 females aged 19.1 ± 1.2 years). The coffee consumption rate was significantly higher in males (50.8%) than in females (32.8%). In the coffee consumption group, no significant differences were found in the reasons for consumption, the components of coffee, and its effects on health. In the coffee nonconsumption group, significant gender differences were noted in the reasons for avoiding coffee; females (64.8%) disliked its taste more than males (39.4%). More young people of both genders in the consumption group were aware that coffee contains caffeine (79.9% - 86.5%) as compared with the nonconsumption group (67.0% - 74.2%). However, few people in both groups were aware about the components other than caffeine. In addition, more people in the nonconsumption group were unaware of the adverse effects of coffee on the body. The results of this study demonstrated that young males drink coffee more than young females. Among those who avoided coffee consumption, females disliked its taste more than males. Many people regardless of coffee consumption were aware about the components of coffee, but few knew about the other ingredients in this beverage. In addition, few people were aware of the negative effects of coffee on the health and body.
- B. Schilter, C. Cavin, A. Tritscher and A. Constable, “Health Effects and Safety Consideration,” In R. J. Clarke and O. G. Vitzthum, Eds., Coffee Recent Developments, Blackwell Science Company, Ames, 2001, p. 166.
- T. Yamato, M. Kino, T. Obata, H. Ohta and M. Aomine, “Modulatory Effect of Coffee on Restrained Stress-Induced Release of Neurotransmitters in Rat,” Journal of Japanese Society of Nutrition and Food Science, Vol. 55, No. 2, 2002, pp. 85-91. doi:10.4327/jsnfs.55.85
- E. Giovannucci, “Meta-Analysis of Coffee Consumption and Risk of Colorectal Cancer,” American Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 147, No. 11, 1998, pp. 1043-1052. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009398
- A. Tverdal and S. Skurtveit, “Coffee Intake and Mortality from Liver Cirrhosis,” Annals of Epidemiology, Vol. 13, No. 6, 2003, pp. 419-423. doi:10.1016/S1047-2797(02)00462-3
- T. Yamaji, T. Mizoue, S. Tabata, S. Ogawa, K. Yamaguchi, E. Shimizu, M. Mineshita and S. Kono, “Coffee Consumption and Glucose Tolerance Status in MiddleAged Japanese Men,” Diabetologia, Vol. 47, No. 12, 2004, pp. 2145-2151. doi:10.1007/s00125-004-1590-5
- C. E. Ruhl and J. E. Everhart, “Coffee and Tea Consumption Are Associated with a Lower Incidence of Chronic Liver Disease in the United States,” Gastroenterology, Vol. 129, No. 6, 2005, pp. 1928-1936. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2005.08.056
- M. Inoue, I. Yoshimi, T. Sobue, S. Tsugane and J.P.H.C. Study Group, “Influence of Coffee Drinking on Subsequent Risk of Hepatocellular of Coffee Drinking on Subsequent Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Prospective Study in Japan,” Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 97, No. 4, 2005, pp. 293-300. doi:10.1093/jnci/dji040
- L. F. Andersen, D. R. Jacobs Jr., M. H. Carlsen and R. Blomhoff, “Consumption of Coffee Is Associated with Reduced Risk of Death Attributed to Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Diseases in the Iowa Women’s Health Study,” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 83, No. 5, 2006, pp. 1039-1046.
- H. Iso, C. Date, K. Wakai, M. Fukui, A. Tamakoshi and J.A.C.C. Study Group, “The Relationship between Green Tea and Total Caffeine Intake and Risk for Self-Reported Type 2 Diabetes among Japanese Adults,” Annals of Internal Medicine, Vol. 144, No. 8, 2006, pp. 554-562. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-144-8-200604180-00005
- M.Garzaro, L. Raimondo, G. Pecorari, M. Sensini, G. Riva, A. Palmo and C. Giordano, “Digestibility, Palatability and Emotional Status after Ingestion of an Iced Dessert: Analysis of Subjective Responses in 100 Healthy Volunteers,” Journal of Biological Regulators & Homeostatic Agents, Vol. 25, No. 1, 2011, pp. 101-107.