Analysis of the Fatty Acids and Phenolic Compounds in a Cereal-Based Fermented Food (Tarhana)
- 1 Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, USA
- 2 Department of Food Engineering, College of Agriculture, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
- 3 Department of Food Engineering, College of Agriculture, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
- 4 Department of Food Engineering, College of Agriculture, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
- 5 Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, USA
Abstract
Tarhana is a Turkish home-made fermented food product. The mixture of wheat flour, yoghurt, yeast, cooked vegetables, salt, and spices is fermented for 1 - 7 days. Tarhana is sun dried and ground for preparation of instant Tarhana powder. Color, phenolic compounds and fatty acid composition were determined for home-made Tarhana, collected from 4 cities in the Thrace Region of Turkey. Color and phenolic content were significantly different (P < 0.05). These differences were due to the variation of ingredients used at different locations. The major unsaturated fatty acids were oleic (C18:1, 16.41% - 57.69%), and linoleic acids (C18:2, 9.74% - 56.31%). Palmitic (C16:0, 16.90% - 37.66%) and stearic acids (C18:0, 0.65% - 11.34%) were the main saturated fatty acids. This study suggested that Tarhana soup is a good source of unsaturated fatty acids. Antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds and their effect on peroxidation of lipids in Tarhana should be tested in future studies.
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