A Pilot School Meal Program Using Local Foods with Soybean in Rural Bangladesh: Effects on the Nutritional Status of Children — Oak Academic Publishing
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A Pilot School Meal Program Using Local Foods with Soybean in Rural Bangladesh: Effects on the Nutritional Status of Children
Department of Health and Nutrition, University of Niigata Prefecture, Niigata, Japan
,
General Incorporated Association, Fair Trade Roshun, Tokyo, Japan
,
Department of Medical Biotechnology, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
,
Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
,
Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
,
Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
,
Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
1 Department of Health and Nutrition, University of Niigata Prefecture, Niigata, Japan
2 General Incorporated Association, Fair Trade Roshun, Tokyo, Japan
3 Department of Medical Biotechnology, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
4 Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
5 Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
6 Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
7 Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Background: Growth retardation is a challenge in Bangladesh. School feeding programs with fortified biscuits have been evaluated in Bangladesh. However, the impacts of a school meal program using local foods on the growth and nutritional status of children have not been investigated. Objective: To determine whether a school meal program (SMP) using local foods with soybean could improve children’s growth and micronutrient status in rural Bangladesh. Methods: Two primary schools were randomly assigned as intervention (SMP; n = 200) and control (non-SMP; n = 200) schools. Children in the intervention school were supplied a school meal with local foods including soybean, containing more than one-third of the recommended daily allowance of energy and nutrients, 5 days/week for 8 months. The attendance rate and school lunch consumption of the children were monitored. Baseline and final anthropometry, hemoglobin and micronutrient status were assessed. Results: There were no significant differences in anthropometric measurements at baseline between the intervention and control groups, but there were differences in the prevalence of anemia, vitamin A deficiency and zinc deficiency. After the intervention, children in the SMP school showed a larger degree of improvement in the height-for-age Z-score (P < 0.001), red blood cell count (P = 0.001) and hemoglobin concentration (P < 0.001) than children in the non-SMP school. However, there were no positive effects on the body mass index (BMI)-for-age Z-score, serum ferritin, serum retinol or serum zinc status among children in the SMP school. Conclusion: A school meal program using local foods with soybean improved the height velocity and hemoglobin concentration of children in rural Bangladesh.
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