Antilisterial Activity of Lactose Fatty Acid Esters in Milk
- 1 Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
- 2 Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
- 3 Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
- 4 The Clorox Service Company, Pleasanton, California, USA
- 5 Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
Abstract
Carbohydrate fatty acid esters have been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria in growth media. In this study, the antilisterial activities of the carbohydrate esters lactose monodecanoate (LMD) and lactose monolaurate (LML) were tested in milk samples with variable fat content (up to 10%) and at different temperatures (37 ° C, 24 ° C and 5 ° C) after inoculation with a 5-strain <i> Listeria monocytogenes </i> cocktail. Both LMD and LML demonstrated antilisterial properties against <i> L. monocytogenes </i> in milk, with the observed log reductions in the LMD milk samples being higher than those in the LML samples at all tested temperatures. LMD in 1% and 2% fat milk was found to be bactericidal with no <i> Listeria </i> growth by day 6. LMD showed significant antilisterial activity in milk samples co ntaining up to 9% fat at 37 ° and in samples with up to 3.5% fat at 24 ° C and in milk samples with up to 2% fat at 5 ° C. LML showed significant <i> Listeria </i> log reductions at 37 ° C with milk containing up to 9% fat but showed no microbial inhibition in milk in any samples at 24 ° C and 5 ° C. Although carbohydrate fatty acid esters have proven microbial bactericidal/bacteriostatic properties in growth media, their antimicrobial properties are reduced in a food system containing fat and at temperatures lower than 37 ° C. The significance of this research is identifying food constituents and storage temperatures that limit the microbial inhibitory properties of lactose esters to ensure appropriate use as potential food grade antilisterial agents.
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