Optimization and Thermodynamic Studies of Lead (II) and Cadmium (II) Ions Removal from Water Using <i>Musa acuminate</i> Pseudo-Stem Biochar — Oak Academic Publishing
Research ArticleOpen AccessGoogle Scholar indexed
Optimization and Thermodynamic Studies of Lead (II) and Cadmium (II) Ions Removal from Water Using <i>Musa acuminate</i> Pseudo-Stem Biochar
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
,
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
,
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
,
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
,
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
3 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
4 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
5 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
We recently found out that water from the Ugandan stretch of the Kagera transboundary river (East Africa) is contaminated with lead (Pb 2+ ) and cadmium (Cd 2+ ) ions at levels that are above permissible limits in drinking water. Because lignocellulosic biomass-based adsorbents have been explored for the remediation of metal ions from water, this study investigated the potential of Musa acuminata pseudo-stem (MAPS) biochar for the remediation of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ ions from water. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to optimize the adsorption conditions while the isotherms were analyzed using Freundlich and Langmuir models. Results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity at equilibrium was 769.23 mg/g and 588.23 mg/g for Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ ions, respectively. Langmuir isotherm model provided the best fit for the data, and it was favorable since all r 2 values (Cd 2+ = 0.9726 and Pb 2+ = 0.9592) were close to unity. Gibb’s free energy change was found to be negative for both metals, implying the feasibility of the adsorption process. Correspondingly, the enthalpy change was positive for both metal ions which revealed that the adsorption process was endothermic and it occurred randomly at the solid - liquid interface. These results suggested that biochar from MAPs could be utilized for the removal of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ from polluted water in the Kagera transboundary river to make it suitable for domestic use. Further studies should consider chemical modification of the biochar as well as characterization to examine the chemical nature of the biochar.
United Nations (2023) Water “Vital to Human Survival, Economic Development, Prosperity of Every Nation”, Says Secretary-General in Message for World Day Observance. https://press.un.org/en/2023/sgsm21727.doc.htm#:~:text=Water%20is%20the%20lifeblood %20of,and%20prosperity%20of%20every%20nation
Fantini, E. (2020) An Introduction to the Human Right to Water: Law, Politics, and beyond. Wires Water, 7, e1405. https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1405
United Nations (2010) About Water and Sanitation. https://www.ohchr.org/en/water-and-sanitation/about-water-and-sanitation#:~:text=On%2028%20July%202010%2C%20the,RES%2F64%2F292
Boretti, A. and Rosa, L. (2019) Reassessing the Projections of the World Water Development Report. npj Clean Water, 2, Article No. 15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41545-019-0039-9
Li, J., Yang, J., Liu, M., Ma, Z., Fang, W. and Bi, J. (2022) Quality Matters: Pollution Exacerbates Water Scarcity and Sectoral Output Risks in China. Water Research, 224, Article ID: 119059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.119059
Lürling, M. and Mucci, M. (2020) Mitigating Eutrophication Nuisance: In-Lake Measures Are Becoming Inevitable in Eutrophic Waters in the Netherlands. Hydrobiologia, 847, 4447-4467. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04297-9
Nimusiima, D., Byamugisha, D., Omara, T. and Ntambi, E. (2023) Physicochemical and Microbial Quality of Water from the UGANDAN stretch of Kagera Transboundary River. Limnological Review, 23. (In Press)
Nwagbara, V., Sika, F., Iyama, W., Chigayo, K. and Kwaambwa, H. (2022) Evaluating the Potential Effectiveness of Moringa oleifera Seeds Biomass as an Adsorbent in the Removal of Copper (Cu) in Water. Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 10, 120-143. https://doi.org/10.4236/gep.2022.103010
Mathew, N.S. and Negi, P.S. (2017) Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Wild Banana (Musa acuminata Colla): A Review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 196, 124-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.009
Yadav, A. (2021) Banana (Musa acuminata): The Most Popular and Common Indian Plant with Multiple Pharmacological Potentials. World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 7, 36-44. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2021.7.1.0073
Mubarok, S., Suwali, N., Suminar, E. and Kamaluddin, N. (2019) 1-Methylcyclopropene as an Effective Ethylene Inhibitor to Extend Musa acuminata Colla “Muli” Postharvest Quality. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 334, Article ID: 012051. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/334/1/012051
Salazar, D., Arancibia, M., Casado, S., Viteri, A., López-Caballero, M.E. and Montero, M.P. (2021). Green Banana (Musa acuminata AAA) Wastes to Develop an Edible Film for Food Applications. Polymers, 13, Article 3183. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13183183
Wang, J., Sun, C., Huang, Q., Chi, Y. and Yan, J. (2021). Adsorption and Thermal Degradation of Microplastics from Aqueous Solutions by Mg/Zn Modified Magnetic Biochars. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 419, Article ID: 126486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126486
Benzaoui, T., Selatnia, A. and Djabali, D. (2018) Adsorption of Copper (II) Ions from Aqueous Solution Using Bottom Ash of Expired Drugs Incineration. Adsorption Science & Technology, 36, 114-129. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263617416685099
Pagala, B. (2023) Characteristic Evaluation of Tamarind Flower Biomass for Mercury Biosorption: A Statistical Approach. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-03769-x
Freundlich, H.M. (1906) Over the Adsorption in Solution. Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 57, 385-470. https://doi.org/10.1515/zpch-1907-5723
Chantawong, V., Harvey, N. and Bashkin, V. (2003) Comparison of Heavy Metal Adsorptions by Thai Kaolin and Ballclay. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 148, 111-125. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025401927023
Langmuir, I. (1916) The Constitution and Fundamental Properties of Solids and Liquids. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 38, 2221-2295. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja02268a002
Dabhade, M.A., Saidutta, M.B. and Murthy, D.V.R. (2009) Adsorption of Phenol on Granular Activated Carbon from the Nutrient Medium: Equilibrium and Kinetic Study. International Journal of Environmental Research, 3, 557-568.
Musumba, G., Nakiguli, C., Lubanga, C., Mukasa, P. and Ntambi, E. (2020) Adsorption of Lead (II) and Copper (II) Ions from Mono Synthetic Aqueous Solutions Using Bio-Char from Ficus natalensis Fruits. Journal of Encapsulation and Adsorption Sciences, 10, 71-84. https://doi.org/10.4236/jeas.2020.104004
Akinhanmi, T.A., Edwin, A.O., Abideen, I.A., Peter, A. and Mayowa, J.I. (2020) Orange Peel as a Low-Cost Adsorbent in the Elimination of Cd (II) Ion: Kinetics, Isotherm, Thermodynamic and Optimization Evaluations. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-20604/v2
Singanan, M. (2015) Biosorption of Hg (II) Ions from Synthetic Wastewater Using a Novel Biocarbon Technology. Environmental Engineering Research, 20, 33-39. https://doi.org/10.4491/eer.2014.032
Wen, H., Chen, J. and Zhang, J. (2020) Removal of Ciprofloxacin from Aqueous Solution by Rabbit Manure Biochar. Environmental Technology, 41, 1380-1390. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2018.1535628
Dar, B., Taher, A., Wani, A. and Farooqui, M. (2013) Isotherms and Thermodynamic Studies on Adsorption of Copper on Powder of Shed Pods of Acacia nilotica. Journal of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, 5, 17-20.
Cruz-Lopes, L.P., Macena, M., Esteves, B. and Guiné, R.P.F. (2021) Ideal pH for the Adsorption of Metal Ions Cr6+, Ni2+, and Pb2+ in Aqueous Solution with Different Adsorbent Materials. Open Agriculture, 6, 115-123. https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2021-0225
Rabia, A., Muhammad, Y., Ahmad, M., Jaromír, K., Sidra, S., Sami, U., et al. (2020) Lead and Cadmium Removal from Wastewater Using Eco-Friendly Biochar Adsorbent Derived from Rice Husk, Wheat Straw, and Corn Cob. Cleaner Engineering and Technology, 1, Article ID: 100006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2020.100006
Zaib, M., Athar, M.M., Saeed, A., Farooq, U., Salman, M. and Makshoof, M.N. (2016) Equilibrium, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Biosorption Studies of Hg (II) on Red Algal Biomass of Porphyridium cruentum. Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews, 9, 179-189. https://doi.org/10.1080/17518253.2016.1185166
Sylwan, I., Runtti, H., Westholm, L.J., Romar, H. and Thorin, E. (2020) Heavy Metal Sorption by Sludge-Derived Biochar with Focus on Pb2+ Sorption Capacity at μg/L Concentrations. Processes, 8, Article 1559. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8121559
Ahsan, M.A., Katla, S.K., Islam, M.T., Hernandez-Viezcas, J.A., Martinez, L.M., Díaz-Moreno, C.A., et al. (2018) Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue, Tetracycline, and Cr (VI) from Water Using Sulfonated Tea Waste. Environmental Technology and Innovation, 11, 23-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2018.04.003
Li, J., Yu, G., Pan, L., Li, C., You, F., Xie, S., et al. (2018) Study of Ciprofloxacin Removal by Biochar Obtained from Used Tea Leaves. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 73, 20-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2017.12.024
Marzbali, M.H. and Esmaieli, M. (2017) Fixed Bed Adsorption of Tetracycline on a Mesoporous Activated Carbon: Experimental Study and Neuro-Fuzzy Modeling. Journal of Applied Research and Technology, 15, 454-463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jart.2017.05.003
Beksissa, R., Tekola, B., Ayala, T. and Dame, B. (2021) Investigation of the Adsorption Performance of Acid-Treated Lignite Coal for Cr (VI) Removal from Aqueous Solution. Environmental Challenges, 4, Article ID: 100091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2021.100091
Sobh, M., Moussawi, M.-A., Rammal, W., Hijazi, A., Rammal, H., Reda, M., et al. (2014) Removal of Lead (II) Ions from Waste Water by Using Lebanese Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon Grass) Stem as Adsorbent American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics, 2, 1070-1080.