Extraction, Purification, Anticancer Activity Studies of Triacanthine Isolated from Bridelia duvigneaudii J. Léonard (Phyllanthaceae) — Oak Academic Publishing
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Extraction, Purification, Anticancer Activity Studies of Triacanthine Isolated from Bridelia duvigneaudii J. Léonard (Phyllanthaceae)
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Department of Chemistry-Physics, High College Training Teachers of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo
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Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Faculty of Medicine CHU de Quebec Research Center and Laval University, Quebec, Canada
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Faculty of Medicine CHU de Quebec Research Center and Laval University, Quebec, Canada
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Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Hydro-Quebec Institute for the Environment, Development and Society, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
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Laboratory of Clinical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kamina, Kamina, Democratic Republic of Congo
1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
3 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
4 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
5 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
6 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
7 Department of Chemistry-Physics, High College Training Teachers of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo
8 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
9 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
10 Faculty of Medicine CHU de Quebec Research Center and Laval University, Quebec, Canada
11 Faculty of Medicine CHU de Quebec Research Center and Laval University, Quebec, Canada
12 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
13 Hydro-Quebec Institute for the Environment, Development and Society, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
14 Laboratory of Clinical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kamina, Kamina, Democratic Republic of Congo
Objective : The main objective of this study was to isolate alkaloids from Bridelia duvigneaudii leaves and to evaluate their cytotoxic activity on prostate and leukemia cancer cells in order to discover potential natural anticancer products. Methodology : Alkaloids were extracted by organic solvents from the basified aqueous phase containing plant extracts and then purified by open column chromatography. The compounds were characterized by direct interpretation of their spectral (IR, 1D NMR, 2D NMR and MS) data and by comparison of their physico-chemical data with the literature. Antiproliferative assays were performed on two cancer cell lines using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) methodology. Results : A total of 1.018 g of alkaloids was obtained from 2528 g of B . duvigneaudii leaves (0.04% of plant material). The chromatographic purification process gave three purified products, which were positive to Dragendorff’s reagent: BRD4 (269 mg, 0.011%, Rf 0.3), BRD5 (165 mg, 0.006%, Rf 0.2) and BRD10 (584 mg, 0.023%, Rf 0.22). These three products exhibited cytotoxic activity against prostate cancer LAPC-4 cells with IC 50 values of 17.5 ± 0.50 μg/mL for BRD10, 19.2 ± 0.41 μg/mL for BRD5 and 22.3 ± 0.04 μg/mL for BRD4 and against leukemia HL-60 cells with IC 50 values ranging between 22.5 ± 0.17 and 24.3 ± 0.20 μg/mL while the positive control (6.5 μg/mL RM-581) had got an IC 50 value of 0.33 ± 1.52 μg/mL on LAPC-4 cells and 1.45 ± 1.52 μg/mL on HL-60 cells. The anticancer activity was highest at 100 µg/mL of each purified product and was decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 100 to 0.1 μg/mL. The structure elucidation of BRD4 by IR, MS and NMR allowed the identification of triacanthine, a purine-derived alkaloid of 203 Da and the empirical formula C 10 H 13 N 5 carrying a dimethylallyl group in position N3. Conclusion : This study showed that triacanthine is an alkaloid of B . duvigneaudii possessing an antiproliferative activity on LAPC-4 and HL-60 cancer cell lines.
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