Research ArticleOpen AccessGoogle Scholar indexed
Synthesis, Characterization and Application of ZS/HMS Catalyst in the Esterification of Gossypol
Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Scholl of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Scholl of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Scholl of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- 1 Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Scholl of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- 2 Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Scholl of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- 3 Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Scholl of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
Green and Sustainable Chemistry·Volume 02 (2012)·Pages 8–13·Published 17 February 2012·DOI10.4236/gsc.2012.21002
Copy link · social · email
Abstract
A solid acid catalyst of zirconium sulfate (ZS) on a pure hexagonal mesoporous silica (HMS) sieve was prepared and characterized by small angle X-ray diffraction, NH3-temperature programmed desorption, and thermogravimetric analysis. The obtained ZS/HMS catalyst displayed a typical mesoporous structure, ZS was well dispersed on the HMS support, and the acidity increased with the amount of ZS loading. Gossypol was extracted from cottonseed cake with acetone as solvent, and then the gossypol solution was esterified with ZS/HMS as catalyst to yield products of acetic acid gossypol. Under the optimal conditions, the conversion efficiency of gossypol was as high as 96.7%.
KeywordsGossypolZirconium SulphateHexagonal Mesoporous SilicaEsterification
- R. D. Stipanovic, D. W. Altman, D. L. Begin, G. A. Green- blatt and J. H. Benedict, “Terpenoid Aldehydes in Upland Cottons: Analysis by Aniline and HPLC Methods,” Jour- nal of Agri-cultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 36, No. 3, 1988, pp. 509-515. doi:10.1021/jf00081a026
- A. A. Nomeir, M. B. Abou-Donia and J. Am, “Photode- composition of Gossypol by Ultraviolet Irradiation,” Jour- nal of the American Oil Chemists Society, Vol. 62, No. 1, 1985, pp. 87-89. doi:10.1007/BF02541497
- L. L. Hua, J. J. Zhou and H. Y. Han, “Direct Electro- chemiluminescence of CdTe Quantum Dots Based on Room Temperature Ionic Liquid Film and High Sensitiv- ity Sensing of Gossypol,” Electrochimica Acta Elec-tron, Vol. 55, No. 3, 2010, pp. 1265-1271. doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2009.10.038
- W. A. Pons, J. Po-minski, W. H. King, J. A. Harris and T. H. Hopper, “Recovery of Gossypol from Cottonseed Gums,” Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society, Vol. 36, No. 8, 1959, pp. 328-332. doi:10.1007/BF02640046
- R. D. Stipanovic, J. C. Donovan, A. A. Bell and F. W. Martin, “Factors Interfering in Gossypol Analysis of Okra and Glandless Cottonseed Using Direct Aniline Extrac- tion,” Journal of Agricultural and Food Che-mistry, Vol. 32, No. 4, 1984, pp. 809-810. doi:10.1021/jf00124a027
- W. A. Pons, R. A. Pittman and C. L. Hoffpauir, “3-Amino- 1-propanol as a Complexing agent in the Determination of Total Gossypol,” Journal of the American Oil Chem- ists Society, Vol. 35, No. 2, 1958, pp. 93-97. doi:10.1007/BF02672661
- S. Furuta, H. Matsuhashi and K. Arata, “Catalytic Action of Sulfated Tin Oxide for Etherification and Esterification in Comparison with Sulfated Zirconia,” Applied Catalysis A: General, Vol. 269, No. 2, 2004, pp. 187-191. doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2004.04.017
- J. C. Juan, J. C. Zhang, Y. J. Jiang, W. L. Cao and M. A. Yarmo, “Zirconium Sulfate Supported on Activated Carbon as Catalyst for Esterification of Oleic Acid by n-Bu- tanol under Solvent-Free Conditions,” Catalysis Letters, Vol. 117, No. 3-4, 2007, pp. 153-158. doi:10.1007/s10562-007-9128-3
- J. R. Sohn and D. H. Seo, “Preparation of New Solid Superacid Catalyst, Zirconium Sulfate Supported on γ-Alu- mina and Activity for Acid Catalysis,” Catalysis Today, Vol. 87, No. 1-4, 2003, pp. 219-226. doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2003.09.010
- C. L. Chen, T. Li, S. Cheng, H. P. Lin, C. J. Bhongale and C. Y. Mou, “Direct Im-pregnation Method for Preparing Sulfated Zirconia Supported on Mesoporous Silica,” Mi- croporous and Mesoporous Materials, Vol. 50, No. 2-3, 2001, pp. 201-208. doi:10.1016/S1387-1811(01)00453-X