Serum 1, 25-Hydroxyvitamin D: A Useful Index of Cognitive and Physical Functional Impairment in Healthy Older Adults in Japan: A Pilot Study
- 1 Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural Nursing University, Kahoku, Japan
- 2 Kyoto Bunkyo Junior College, Uji, Japan
- 3 Aichi Medical College for Physical and Occupational Therapy, Kiyosu, Japan
- 4 Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural Nursing University, Kahoku, Japan
- 5 Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural Nursing University, Kahoku, Japan
- 6 Aichi Medical College for Physical and Occupational Therapy, Kiyosu, Japan
Abstract
We enrolled 23 Japanese men (age: 76.0 ± 8.7) and 17 women (age: 78.3 ± 9.3) in this study. The physical function of even a person getting on a wheelchair could be tested in all subjects. Blood was collected by venipuncture and the serum 1, 25-hydroxy vitamin D (1, 25OHD) concentration was measured. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Japanese version (MoCA-J) was used for the cognitive function test. Physical function was measured objectively using the Timed UP and Go (TUG) and 4-m walking test (4MWS). A significant positive correlation was found between serum 1, 25OHD and MMSE or MoCA-J. It is expected that an elderly person can maintain a mean serum 1, 25OHD level of about 100 pg/mL for preventing early cognitive disorder. In the present study, a significant positive correlation was found between urinary 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD)/creatinine and MMSE or MoCA-J. Our results showed that urinary 25OHD might be a useful biomarker for predicting cognitive disorder. There was a significant negative correlation between serum 1, 25OHD and TUG or 4MWS. These findings suggest that serum 1, 25OHD levels might serve as a useful index to improve cognitive and physical functional impairment.
- Japanese Orthopedic Association (2010) Guidebook on Locomotive Syndrome. Bunkodo, Tokyo. (In Japanese)
- DeLuca, G.C., Kimball, S.M., Kolasinski, J., Ramagopalan, S.V. and Ebers, G.C. (2013) The Role of Vitamin D in Nervous System Health and Disease. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology, 39, 458-484. https://doi.org/10.1111/nan.12020
- Holick, M.F. (2007) Vitamin D Deficiency. New England Journal of Medicine, 357, 266-281. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra070553
- Garcion, E., Wion-Barbot, N., Montero-Menei, C.N., Berger, F. and Wion, D. (2002) New Clues about Vitamin D Functions in the Nervous System. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 13, 100-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1043-2760(01)00547-1
- Folstein, M.F., Folstein, S.E. and McHugh, P.R. (1975) “Mini-Mental State”. A Practical Method for Grading the Cognitive State of Patients for the Clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12, 189-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6
- Gangwar, A.K., Rawat, A., Tiwari, S., Tiwari, S.C., Narayan, J. and Tiwari, S. (2015) Role of Vitamin-D in the Prevention and Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 59, 94-99.
- Nasredding, Z.S., Phillips, N.A., Bédirian, V., Charbonneau, S., Whitehead, V., Collin, I., Cummings, J.L. and Chertkow, H. (2005) The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: A Brief Screening Tool for Mild Cognitive Impairment. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53, 695-699. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x
- Darwish, H., Zeinoun, P., Ghusn, H., Khoury, B., Tamim, H. and Khoury, S.J. (2015) Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Predicts Cognitive Performance in Adults. Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat., 11, 2217-2223.
- Jones, G. (2008) Pharmacokinetics of Vitamin D Toxicity. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 88, 582s-586s.
- Lagari, V., Gómez-Marín, O. and Levis, S. (2013) The Role of Vitamin D in Improving Physical Performance in the Elderly. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 28, 2194-2201. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.1949
- Podsiadlo, D. and Richardson, S. (1991) The Timed “UP & Go”: A Test of Basic Functional Mobility for Frail Elderly Persons. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 39, 142-148. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x
- Gschwind, Y.J., Bischoff-Ferrari, H.A., Bridenbaugh, S.A., Härdi, I. and Kressig, R.W. (2014) Association between Serum Vitamin D Status and Functional Mobility in Memory Clinic Patient Aged 65 Years and Older. Gerontology, 60, 123-129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000355667