Research ArticleOpen AccessGoogle Scholar indexed
Smoking, ACP<sub>1</sub> and Infertility in Subjects with Varicocele
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
Department of Cardiology, Valmontone Hospital, Valmontone, Italy
Department of System Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- 1 Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- 2 Department of Cardiology, Valmontone Hospital, Valmontone, Italy
- 3 Department of System Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- 4 Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- 5 Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
Copy link · social · email
Abstract
Several studies suggest that smoking may have detrimental effect on seminal parameters and that genetic polymorphisms may influence this effect. In the present paper we have examined the relationship between ACP 1 genotypes and the association of smoking and infertility in a sample of men with varicocele. 126 subjects with varicocele were studied. ACP 1 genotype was determined by DNA analysis and statistical analyses were performed by SPSS software. In general there is a protective action of low activity *A/*B genotype against infertility that is much more marked in smokers than in non-smokers. If confirmed in other clinical settings, determinations of ACP 1 genotype could have practical importance to evaluate the risk of infertility in smokers with varicocele.
KeywordsSmokingACP<sub>1</sub>VaricoceleInfertilityGenetic Polymorphism
- Hamad, M.F., Dayyih, W.A.A., Laqqan, M., AlKhaled, Y., Montenarh, M. and Hammadeh, M.E. (2018) The Status of Global DNA Methylation in the Spermatozoa of Smokers and Non-Smokers. Reproductive BioMedicine Online, 37, 581-589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.08.016
- Liu, X.C., Chen, G.S. and He, X.L. (2018) Sperm DNA Damage Is Not Related to Seminal Leukocyte Subsets in Infertile Males with Asymptomatic Genital Tract Infection. National Journal of Andrology, 24, 45-49.
- Condorelli, R.A., La Vignera, S., Duca, Y., Zanghi, G.N. and Calogero, A.E. (2018) Nicotine Receptors as a Possible Marker for Smoking-Related Sperm Damage. Protein & Peptide Letters, 25, 451-454. https://doi.org/10.2174/0929866525666180412154546
- Mostafa, R.M., Nasrallah, Y.S., Hassan, M.M., Farrag, A.F., Majzoub, A. and Agarwal, A. (2018) The Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Human Seminal Parameters, Sperm Chromatin Structure and Condensation. Andrologia, 50, e12910. https://doi.org/10.1111/and.12910
- Zhang, Z.H., Zhu, H.B., Li, L.L., Yu, Y., Zhang, H.G. and Liu, R.Z. (2013) Decline of Semen Quality and Increase of Leukocytes with Cigarette Smoking in Infertile Men. Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine, 11, 589-596.
- Zhang, M., Zhang, Q.S., Zheng, H.S., Wang, X.Y., Feng, S.Q., Tian, W.J. and Fan, H.T. (2016) Clinical, Demographic and Psychological Characteristics of Infertile Male Smokers in Northeast China. Journal of International Medical Research, 4, 75-80. https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060515606285
- Aryanpur, M., Tarahomi, M., Sharifi, H., Heydari, G., Hessami, Z., Akhoundi, M. and Masjedi, M.R. (2011) Comparison of Spermatozoa Quality in Male Smokers and Nonsmokers of Iranian Infertile Couples. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility, 5, 152-157.
- de Jong, A.M., Menkveld, R., Lens, J.W., Nienhuis, S.E. and Rhemrev, J.P. (2014) Effect of Alcohol Intake and Cigarette Smoking on Sperm Parameters and Pregnancy. Andrologia, 46, 112-117. https://doi.org/10.1111/and.12054
- Andersson, B.A., Sayardoust, S., Lofgren, S., Rutqvist, L.E. and Laytragoon-Lewin, N. (2018) Cigarette Smoking Affects microRNAs and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Healthy Individuals and an Association to Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Is Indicated. Biomarkers, 30, 1-6.
- Liang, X.H., Yan, D., Zhao, J.X., Ding, W., Xu, X.J. and Wang, X.Y. (2018) Interaction of Polymorphisms in Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group C with Cigarette Smoking and Pancreatic Cancer Risk. Oncology Letters, 16, 5631-5638.