Tele-Analytical Characterization of the Eburnean Tectonic Structures within the Birimian Formations of Mako Area, Eastern Senegal — Oak Academic Publishing
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Tele-Analytical Characterization of the Eburnean Tectonic Structures within the Birimian Formations of Mako Area, Eastern Senegal
Department of Geology, School of Science and Technology, Sheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
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Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
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Department of Geology, School of Science and Technology, Sheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
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Department of Geology, School of Science and Technology, Sheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
1 Department of Geology, School of Science and Technology, Sheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
2 Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
3 Department of Geology, School of Science and Technology, Sheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
4 Department of Geology, School of Science and Technology, Sheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
The tectonic structures of the Mako area in the Kédougou-Kéniéba inlier (KKI) were mapped with tele-analytical investigation which is validated by field data. This study is based on different images processing in particular: 1 ) the colored combinations (1 to 5) and panchromatic (8) thematic mapping bands of the Landsat-8 (ETM + ) satellite; 2 ) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) image of Space Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM); 3 ) airborne geophysics (aeromagnetic and radiometric) images. In these images, four major directions of lineaments NS, NNE-SSW, NW-SE and EW would be related to the tectonic structures, have been identified and mapped. Field data confirm these four structural directions and show that most of these lineaments are related to faults, shear and/or thrust zones, or even basic rock dykes. N-S to NE-SW oriented lineaments are more frequent followed by those NW-SE oriented. These two directions of lineaments are generally in correlation with trajectories of major sinistral shear zones in the Mako area. They would be associated with the S 2a and S 2b schistosities relative to the D 2 Eburnean major deformation. They often intersect the E-W oriented lineaments which are less frequent and sometimes folded and crenulated. This E-W oriented linea ment would be prior and are associated with the S 1 schistosity of the D 1 Eburnean thrust phase of deformation. At the scale of the studied area, these major linear structures (shear zones) are conjugated and create a partitioning of deformation through an anastomosed network of mylonitic shear zones which surround weakly deformed rock bodies. All these structures would be related to the Eburnean or post-Eburnean orogenic events in this Mako area.
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