Research ArticleOpen AccessGoogle Scholar indexed
Environmental Data Observation System—Solam for Analysis and Interpretation of Soil Moisture Variation and Precipitation Indexes
National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
- 1 National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
- 2 National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
- 3 National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
- 4 National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
- 5 National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
- 6 National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
- 7 National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
- 8 National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
- 9 National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN/MCTIC), São José dos Campos, Brazil
International Journal of Geosciences·Volume 09 (2018)·Pages 658–667·Published 12 November 2018·DOI10.4236/ijg.2018.911039
Copy link · social · email
Abstract
The monitoring of urban slopes employing in-situ equipment seeks to avoid the loss of human lives midst emergency events like landslides. Cemaden (Brazilian National Centre for Monitoring and Early Warnings of Natural Disasters) has a pilot network of soil moisture and rain gauge stations located in urban slopes to understand, prevent, and mitigate landslides. Due to the large volume of data produced by this system there was a need for tools for data retrieval and visualization. This paper describes the Solam (Environmental Data Observation System) software which generates automated graphs that enable researchers to analyze and comprise data from soil moisture sensors and rain gauge stations. Those results allow to research moisture variations in six different sensor levels (from 0.5 m to 3 m deep) and precipitation indexes (hourly and accumulated rainfall) for the established period. This analysis will provide information to set critical environmental thresholds on base recorded landslides.
KeywordsSlope StabilityGeotechnical MonitoringEnvironmental ThresholdsUrban SlopesSoftwareWarning System
- Baum, R.L. and Godt, J.W. (2010) Early Warning of Rainfall-Induced Shallow Landslides and Debris Flows in the USA. Landslides, 7, 259-272. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-009-0177-0
- Chae, B.G. and Kim, M. (2012) Suggestion of a Method for Landslide Early Warning Using the Change in the Volumetric Water Content Gradient Due to Rainfall Infiltration. Environmental Earth Sciences, 66, 1973-1986. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-011-1423-z
- Santoro, J., Andrade, E. and Brollo, M.J. (2015) Campos do Jordão (SP): Mapeamento de riscos de escorregamentos no morro do britador. 8° Simpósio do Cretáceo de Brasil.
- Ab’sáber, A.N. (1996) O domínio morfoclimático dos mares de morros no Brasil. USP, Instituto de Geografia, São Paulo, 9 p. (Geomorfologia, 2).
- Rosa, A.F. and Cortez, A.T.C. (2010) A problemática socioambiental da ocupação urbana em áreas de risco de deslizamento da “Suíça Brasileira”. Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física, 3, 33-40. https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v3i1.232610
- CPRM (2011) Atlas Pluviométrico do Brasil. http://www.cprm.gov.br/publique/Hidrologia/Mapas-e-Publicacoes/Atlas-Pluviometrico-do-Brasil-1351.html
- Aleotti, P. (2004) A Warning System for Rainfall-Induced Shallow Failures. Engineering Geology, 73, 247-265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2004.01.007
- Mendes, R.M., De Andrade, M.R.M., Tomasella, J., De Moraes, M.A.E. and Scofield, G.B. (2018) Understanding Shallow Landslides in Campos do Jordão Municipality-Brazil: Disentangling the Anthropic Effects from Natural Causes in the Disaster of 2000. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 18, 15-30. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-15-2018
- Modenesi-Gauttieri, M.C. and Hiruma, S.T.A. (2004) Expansão urbana no planalto de Campos do Jordão: Diagnóstico geomorfológico para fins de planejamento. Revista do Instituto Geológico, São Paulo, 25, 1-28. https://doi.org/10.5935/0100-929X.20040001
- Mendes, R.M., De Andrade, M.R.M., Graminha, C.A., Prieto, C.C., De ávila, F.F. and Camarinha, P.I.M. (2017) Stability Analysis on Urban Slopes: Case Study of an Anthropogenic-Induced Landslide in São José dos Campos, Brazil. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 36, 599-610. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-017-0303-z
- Ahrendt, A. (2005) Movimentos de massa gravitacionais—Proposta de um sistema de previsão: Aplicação na área urbana de Campos do Jordão—SP. Tese de Doutorado, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo (EESC/USP), São Paulo, 364 p.