Long chain phosphate esters bearing at least one or two aryl groups have been synthesized and used for the preparation of stable multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) hybrids. The non-covalent interaction ester/MWCNT has been in vestigated by several techniques (SEM, UV- vis , 31 P-NMR, RAMAN). The used phosphate ester derivatives demon strated the ability to produce an excellent dispersion of MWCNT in CHCl 3 . The obtained dispersions showed a great stability from one to at least three weeks in the range of concentration considered. Thermal analysis showed an increase in the decomposition temperature for the hybrids with respect to pristine MWCNT.
S. Iijima, “Helical Microtubules of Graphitic Carbon,” Nature, Vol. 354, No. 6348, 1991, pp. 56-58. doi:10.1038/354056a0
P. M. Ajayan, “Nanotubes from Carbon,” Chemical Reviews, Vol. 99, No. 7, 1999, pp. 1787-1799. doi:10.1021/cr970102g
B. S. Shim, J. Zhu, E. Jan, K. Critchley, S. Ho, P. Podsiadlo, K. Sun and N. A. Kotov, “Multiparameter Structural Optimization of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Composites: Toward Record Strength, Stiffness, and Toughness,” ACS Nano, Vol. 3, No. 7, 2009, pp. 1711-1722. doi:10.1021/nn9002743
T. Wu, Y. Pan, H. Bao and L. Li, “Preparation and Properties of Chitosan Nanocomposite Films Reinforced by Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene)-Poly-(Styrenesulfonate) Treated Carbon Nanotubes,” Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 129, No. 3, 2011, pp. 932-938. doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.05.030
R. Jung, S. H. Yoon, M. Kang, H.-S. Kim and H.-J. Jin, “Preparation of Carbon Nanotubes-Incorporated Polymeric Microspheres for Electrorheological Fluids,” Current Applied Physics, Vol. 8, No. 6, 2008, pp. 807-809. doi:10.1016/j.cap.2007.04.033
M. Ouyang, J. L. Huang and C. M. Lieber, “Fundamental Electronic Properties and Applications of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes,” Accounts of Chemical Research, Vol. 35, No. 12, 2002, pp. 1018-1025. doi:10.1021/ar0101685
A. Hirsch, “Functionalization of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes,” Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 41, No. 11, 2002, pp. 1853-1859. doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20020603)41:11 3.0.CO;2-N
T. Tang, Z. Shi and J. Yin, “Poly(Benzimidazole) Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/100% Acidified Poly(Hydroxyaminoether) Composites: Synthesis, Characterization and Properties,” Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 129, No. 1-2, 2011, pp. 356-364.
M. Prato, K. Kostarelos and A. Bianco, “Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes in Drug Design and Discovery,” Accounts of Chemical Research, Vol. 41, No. 1, 2008, pp. 60-68. doi:10.1021/ar700089b
R. J. Chen, Y. Zhang, D. Wang and H. Dai, “Noncovalent Sidewall Functionalization of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Protein Immobilization,” Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 123, No. 16, 2001, pp. 38383839. doi:10.1021/ja010172b
O.-K. Kim, J. Je, J. W. Baldwin, S. Kooi, P. E. Pehrsson and L. J. Buckley, “Solubilization of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes by Supramolecular Encapsulation of Helical Amylose,” Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 125, No. 15, 2003, pp. 4426-4427. doi:10.1021/ja029233b
A. Star, Y. Liu, K. Grant, L. Ridvan, J. F. Stoddart, D. W. Steuerman, M. R. Diehl, A. Boukai and J. R. Heath, “Noncovalent Side-Wall Functionalization of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes,” Macromolecules, Vol. 36, No. 3, 2003, pp. 553-560. doi:10.1021/ma021417n
D. M. Guldi, G. M. A. Rahman, N. Jux, N. Tagmatarchis and M. Prato, “Integrating Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes into Donor-Acceptor Nanohybrids,” Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 43, No. 41, 2004, pp. 55265530. doi:10.1002/anie.200461217
Y.-L. Zhao, L. Hu, J. F. Stoddart and G. Gruner, “Pyrenecyclodextrin-Decorated Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors as Chemical Sensors,” Advanced Materials, Vol. 20, No. 10, 2008, pp. 1910-1915. doi:10.1002/adma.200702804
T. Morishita, M. Matsushita, Y. Katagiri and K. Fukumori, “Synthesis and Properties of Macromer-Grafted Polymers for Noncovalent Functionalization of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes,” Carbon, Vol. 47, No. 11, 2009, pp. 2716-2726. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2009.05.032
K. Petrie, A. Docoslis, S. Vasic, M. Kontopoulou, S. Morgan and Z. Ye, “Non-Covalent/Non-Specific Functionalization of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with a Hyperbranched Polyethylene and Characterization of Their Dispersion in a Polyolefin Matrix,” Carbon, Vol. 49, No. 10, 2011, pp. 3378-3382. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2011.04.001
A. Di Crescenzo, R. Germani, E. Del Canto, S. Giordani, G. Savelli and A. Fontana, “Effect of Surfactant Structure on Carbon Nanotube Sidewall Adsorption,” European Journal of Organic Chemistry, Vol. 28, 2011, pp. 56415648. doi:10.1002/ejoc.201100720
V. J. Mkhabela, A. K. Mishra and X. Y. Mbianda, “Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Phosphorylated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube/Polyvinyl Chloride Composites,” Carbon, Vol. 49, No. 2, 2011, pp. 610-617. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2010.10.006
J. Xu and L. Guan, “Diameter Selective Band Structure Modification of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Encapsulated Phosphorus Chains,” The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 113, No. 34, 2009, pp. 15099-15101. doi:10.1021/jp906056n
J. Liu, H. Liu, H. Zhang, R. Li, G. Liang, M. Gauthier and X. Sun, “Synthesis and Characterization of Phosphorus-Nitrogen Doped Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes,” Carbon, Vol. 49, No. 15, 2001, pp. 5014-5021. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2011.07.018
K. Kalyanasundaram and J. K. Thomas, “Environmental Effects on Vibronic Band Intensities in Pyrene Monomer Fluorescence and Their Application in Studies of Micellar Systems,” Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 99, No. 7, 1977, pp. 2039-2044. doi:10.1021/ja00449a004
Y. Ding, L. Zhang, J. Xie and R. Guo, “Characteristics and Molecular Mechanism of Interaction between Ionic Liquid and DNA,” The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 114, No. 5, 2010, pp. 2033-2043. doi:10.1021/jp9104757
W. Zhou, S. Lv and W. Shi, “Preparation of MicelleEncapsulated Single-Wall and Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes with Amphiphilic Hyperbranched Polymers,” European Polymer Journal, Vol. 44, No. 3, 2008, pp. 587-601. doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.01.020
A. S. Patole, S. P. Patole, J.-B. Yoo, J.-H. Ahn and T.-H. Kim, “Effective in Situ Synthesis and Characteristics of Polystyrene Nanoparticle-Covered Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Composite,” Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 47, No. 15, 2009, pp. 1523-1529. doi:10.1002/polb.21754
C. Tang, T. Zhou, J. Yang, Q. Zhang, F. Chen, Q. Fu and L. Yang, “Wet-Grinding Assisted Ultrasonic Dispersion of Pristine Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) in Chitosan Solution,” Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, Vol. 86, No. 1, 2011, pp. 189-197. doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.03.041
V. Datsyuk, M. Kalyva, K. Papagelis, J. Parthenios, D. Tasis, A. Siokou, I. Kallitsis and C. Galiotis, “Chemical Oxidation of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes,” Carbon, Vol. 46, No. 6, 2008, pp. 833-840. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2008.02.012
P. Hou, C. Liu, Y. Tong, S. Xu, M. Liu and H. Cheng, “Purification of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Synthesized by the Hydrogen Arc-Discharge Method,” Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 16, No. 9, 2001, pp. 25262529. doi:10.1557/JMR.2001.0346
Y.-H. Wang, C.-M. Chang and Y.-L. Liu, “BenzoxazineFunctionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Preparation of Electrically-Conductive Polybenzoxazines,” Polymer, Vol. 53, No. 1, 2012, pp. 106-112. doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2011.11.040
G. Cavallaro, G. Lazzara and S. Milioto, “Dispersions of Nanoclays of Different Shapes into Aqueous and Solid Biopolymeric Matrices. Extended Physicochemical Study,” Langmuir, Vol. 27, No. 3, 2011, pp. 1158-1167. doi:10.1021/la103487a
G. Cavallaro, D. I. Donato, G. Lazzara and S. Milioto Films of Halloysite Nanotubes, “Sandwiched between Two Layers of Biopolymer: From the Morphology to the Dielectric, Thermal, Transparency, and Wettability Properties,” The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 115, No. 42, 2011, pp. 20491-20498. doi:10.1021/jp207261r