Absorption Spectroscopic Determination of Solubility of Alloxazine in Aqueous Solutions
- 1 Faculty of Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
Abstract
The solubility of alloxazine in aqueous solution at pH 4 (10 –4 molar HCl) and pH 10 (10 –4 molar NaOH) at room temperature is determined by absorption spectroscopic characterization. Knowledge of the solubility is needed for sample preparation and quantitative spectroscopic solution characterization. Samples of different in-weight concentration were prepared and absorption spectra were measured versus storage time. The solubility limit concentration C sol was determined by the crossing point of the linearized absorption coefficient dependences on in-weight preparation concentration below and above the solubility limit. Values of C sol = 9.05 ± 1 μM and 14.5 ± 1 μM were determined for alloxazine in aqueous solution at pH 4 and pH 10, respectively.
- Void, R.D. and Void, M.J. (1945) Determination of Solubility. In: Weissberger, A., Ed., Physical Methods of Organic Chemistry, Vol. 1, Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York, 107-133.
- Zimmerman, R.K. (1952) The Experimental Determination of Solubilities. Chemical Reviews, 51, 25-65.
- Cohen-Adad, R. and Cohen-Adad, M.-T. (2003) Solubility of Solids in Liquids. In: Hefter, G.T. and Tomkins, R.P.T., Eds., The Experimental Determination of Solubilities, Wiley Series in Solution Chemistry, Vol. 6, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, 159-314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470867833.ch8
- Müller, F. (1991) Chemistry and Biochemistry of Flavoenzymes. Vol. 1, CRC Press, Boca Raton.
- Silva, E. and Edwards, A.M. (2006) Flavins: Photochemistry and Photobiology. Royal Society of Chemistry, London. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781847555397
- Weber, S. and Schleicher, S.E. (2014) Flavins and Flavoproteins. Methods and Protocols, Series: Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 1146, Springer Verlag, Heidelberg. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0452-5
- Tyagi, A. and Penzkofer, A. (2011) Absorption and Emission Spectroscopic Characterization of Lumichrome in Aqueous Solutions. Photochemisty Photobiology, 87, 524-533.
- Marchena, M., Gil, M., Martín, C., Organero, J.A., Sanchez, F. and Douhal, A. (2011) Stability and Photodynamics of Lumichrome Structures in Water at Different pHs and in Chemical and Biological Caging Media. Journal of Physical Chemisty B, 115, 2424-2435.
- Prukla, D., Sikorska, E., Koput, J., Khmelinskii, I., Karolczak, J., Gierszewski, M. and Sikorski, M. (2012) Acid-Base Equilibriums of Lumichrome and Its 1-Methyl, 3-Methyl, and 1,3-Dimethyl Derivatives. Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 116, 7474-7490.
- Terekhova, I.V., Kozbial, M., Kumeev, R.S. and Alper, G.A. (2011) Inclusion Complex Formation between Modified Cyclodextrins and Riboflavin and Alloxazine in Aqueous Solution. Journal of Solution Chemistry, 40, 1435-1446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10953-011-9724-0
- Salzmann, S. and Marian, C.M. (2009) The Photopysics of Alloxazine: A Quantum Chemical Investigation in Vacuum and Solution. Photochemical Photobiological Sciences, 8, 1655-1666. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b9pp00022d
- Penzkofer, A., Shirdel, J., Zirak, P., Breitkreuz, H. and Wolf, E. (2007) Protein Aggregation Studied by Forward Light Scattering and Light Transmission Analysis. Chemical Physics, 342, 55-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphys.2007.09.014